MALDI imaging MS reveals candidate lipid markers of polycystic kidney disease

Diabetic nephropathy induces alterations in the glomerular and tubule lipid profiles

“…Interestingly, unlike in all other mammals, ganglioside technology enables molecular profi ling of specifi c areas of the tissues while preserving tissue morphology. This technology has been instrumental in understanding molecular changes on the border between normal and cancer tissues ( 42 ), classifying tumor types ( 28,43 ), determining tissue drug distributions ( 44,45 ), and identifying candidate markers of disease ( 20,46 ). As demonstrated in this study, it is now possible to analyze the molecular composition and molecular modifi cations in distinct renal tissue regions, and even within smaller structures such as glomeruli and tubules.…”

“…PM is an inhibitor of oxidative and glycoxidative reactions and has been shown to act via sequestration of redox active metal ions, scavenging of reactive carbonyl compounds, and scavenging of hydroxyl radical both in vitro and in vivo (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). We determined molecular changes at the level of a single glomerulus or tubule, which has not been achieved in the previous studies of renal tissues using MALDI IMS (19)(20)(21). Our data demonstrated that the levels of specifi c phospho-and glycolipids in glomeruli and/or tubules of the kidney are associated with diabetic renal pathology.…”

Monitoring time‐dependent degradation of phospholipids in sectioned tissues by MALDI imaging mass spectrometry

“…Alongside the advances in sample preparation mentioned above for lipid imaging, improvement in MALDI instrumentation has reduced sample acquisition time increasing the feasibility of larger scale studies . Thanks to these front‐end advancements, MALDI IMS of lipids allows exploration of diverse subjects such as mouse brain injury,cardiovascular disease, polycystic kidney disease and human skin lipids …”

Label-free molecular imaging of the kidney

“…81 Some of these include the study of anticancer drug distributions in mouse kidneys, 82 glomerular adenosine triphosphateadenosine monophosphate ratios in diabetic mouse models, 83 N -linked glycans in murine kidneys, 84 murine tubular lipid distributions in immunoglobulin A nephropathy, 85 region-specific sphingolipid metabolism in murine models of obesity, 86 sulfatide turnover in animal models of lipid storage disease, 87 sulfated lipid markers in polycystic kidney disease rats, 88 renal angiotensin metabolism in mice, 89 peptide classification and pathogenesis of amyloidosis in humans, 90 racial disparities in Wilms tumor incidence and human peptide biology, 91 rat protein biomarkers of gentamicin nephrotoxicity, 92 and assessing proteomic patterns of glomerulosclerosis for disease classification and prosclerotic mechanism determination in rats. 93 While it is impractical to provide a detailed description of all IMS renal research in this review, several recent reports are described below that highlight discoveries in areas of clear cell renal cell carcinoma, diabetic nephropathy (DN), preclinical renal drug toxicology, and infectious disease.…”