Male Breast Cancer: Epidemiology and Risk Factors

Ali, Yousef

doi:10.1053/j.seminoncol.2017.11.002

Cited by 143 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Breast cancer in men accounts for less than 1% of breast cancer diagnoses in the United States [ 10 ]. Breast cancer in men is a rare malignant tumor that represents less than 0.2% of all cancers in humans and less than 1% of breast cancers [ 1 , 2 ]. Our study shows that breast cancer occurs in young adult men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a review of the literature on male breast cancer case reports, Senger et al note that the majority of patients had a palpable mass clinically [ 16 ]. Other presentations included thickening of the skin, nipple retraction, and lymphadenopathy [ 2 ]. Breast cancer in men presents in most cases as a subareolar swelling, nipple retraction, or bloody discharge [ 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human breast cancer is a rare malignant tumor that accounts for less than 0.2% of all human cancers and less than 1% of breast cancers [ 1 , 2 ]. However, its incidence has increased over the past 25 years as the world's population ages [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Male Breast Cancer in Togo: Imaging and Clinicopathological Findings

Darré

Tchaou

Djiwa

et al. 2020

International Journal of Breast Cancer

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Background. Breast cancer in men is a rare condition, often diagnosed late. The purpose of this study was to describe its epidemiological, histopathological, and radiographic aspects in Togo. Materials and Methods. This was a descriptive retrospective study on cases of breast cancer in humans diagnosed histologically at the Laboratory of Anatomy Pathological and Imagery of the University Hospital in Lomé, over a period of 25 years (1995 to 2019). The parameters studied were epidemiological, anatomopathological, and imaging. Results. Eighty-two (82) cases were diagnosed, an annual frequency of 3.28 cases. The mean age was 45±2.5 years; the range was 27-63 years. The family history of 47 patients (57.32%) was known. Carcinomas represented the predominant histological group with predominantly nonspecific invasive carcinoma (87.5%). These cancers were diagnosed at late stages (75.71% grade II). They were mainly of luminal B profile (38.75%) and associated with mutations of the BRCA2 and BRCA1 genes in 14.63% of the cases. The lesions were classified ACR 5 in 61.5% (11/18). Two cases of breast angiosarcoma were diagnosed by the identification of CD31 markers and factor VIII in immunohistochemistry. Hormone therapy such as tamoxifen was prescribed in all luminal patients (43 patients). Radiotherapy was administered to 15 patients (18.3%), with acute toxicity in 20% of the cases. After a median follow-up of 36 months, the evolution was complete remission in 27 patients (32.93%). Conclusion. Breast cancer in men is rare, often diagnosed late with a poor prognosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Male Breast Cancer in Togo: Imaging and Clinicopathological Findings

Darré

Tchaou

Djiwa

et al. 2020

International Journal of Breast Cancer

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“…There is some evidence that male breast cancers are more likely to express the estrogen (ER) or androgen receptors than female and less likely to overexpress HER2 [4] , [5] . However, studies to characterize male breast cancers or correlate prognostic factors with treatment outcomes are limited and, when available, underpowered [ [5] , [6] , [7] ]. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand the risk factors associated with the disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of male breast cancer

et al. 2020

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Background Due to its rarity, few studies have characterized the epidemiology of male breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine survival and risk factors for male breast cancer in a large U.S. population. Methods In this study, 19,795 male patients with breast cancer were identified from the National Cancer Database (2004–2014). Patient demographics, tumor characteristics and treatments were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. We used multivariate Cox regression and Kaplan Meier analysis. Results Over 10 years, the incidence of male breast cancer increased from 7.2% to 10.3%, while mortality decreased from 11% to 3.8%. Socioeconomic factors predicting mortality included income medium, and high vs low (HR = 0.78; 0.68), private vs no insurance (HR = 0.73) and the academic research facility vs community cancer center (HR = 0.79). Significant predictors of all-cause mortality included age (HR = 1.04), tumor size (HR = 1.01), hormone receptor expression (HR = 0.8) and cancer stage I vs II, III, and IV at the time of diagnosis (HR = 1.5, 2.7, 4.4, 9.9 respectively). Other predictors of mortality include surgery (HR = 0.4), chemotherapy (HR = 0.8), radiation (HR = 0.8), and hormonal therapy (HR-0.8). Conclusions Socioeconomic factors, cancer stage, tumor characteristics (size and grade), and high Charlson-Dayo score contributed to higher mortality among male patients diagnosed with breast cancer. Surgery was most effective, followed by radiation, chemotherapy, and hormonal therapy. Patients with positive ER or PR expression demonstrated better survival. Adjusting for socioeconomic factors, biomarker identification and timely, appropriately chosen treatment are likely to reduce the risk for mortality.

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“…The peak age for MBC is 71 years old, while our patient is only 47 years old. Although our patient has gynecomastia, which is found in 6% to 38% of males affected by breast cancer, gynecomastia per se is not a risk factor of MBC [ 9 ]. The risk factors for breast cancer development in our patient included obesity and heavy alcohol use, in addition to CHEK2 mutation; the combination of all these risk factors could have led to a relatively early onset of breast cancer in this patient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case of Male Breast Cancer Patient with CHEK2*1100delC Mutation

Nguyen¹,

Tavana²,

Rios³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease that accounts for less than one percent of all breast cancers. The association between BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations and MBC has been well-established; recent data suggest that CHEK2 1100delC heterozygosity is also associated with an increased risk of MBC. Herein, we present the case of a 47-year-old male who was initially diagnosed with bilateral symmetric gynecomastia on a diagnostic mammogram performed for right breast palpable lump. Sixteen months after his diagnosis of gynecomastia, he presented with enlarging right breast palpable lumps and underwent a diagnostic mammogram and breast ultrasound. Ultrasound-guided biopsies were performed on the right breast mass and axillary lymphadenopathy. Pathology revealed right breast invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and right axillary metastatic lymphadenopathy. Subsequent genetic testing found CHEK2*1100delC mutation. This case report focuses on the presentation, diagnosis, and management of breast cancer, as well as long-term cancer screening in the setting of CHEK2 mutation in a relatively young male patient.

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Male Breast Cancer: Epidemiology and Risk Factors

Cited by 143 publications

References 58 publications

Male Breast Cancer in Togo: Imaging and Clinicopathological Findings

Male Breast Cancer in Togo: Imaging and Clinicopathological Findings

Epidemiology of male breast cancer

A Case of Male Breast Cancer Patient with CHEK2*1100delC Mutation

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