Male circumcision for HIV prevention: current evidence and implementation in sub‐Saharan Africa

Wamai, Richard G.; Morris, Brian J.; Bailis, Stefan A.; Sokal, David C.; Klausner, Jeffrey D.; Appleton, Ross; Sewankambo, Nelson; Cooper, David A.; Bongaarts, John; Bruyn, Guy de; Wodak, Alex; Banerjee, Joya

doi:10.1186/1758-2652-14-49

Cited by 64 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 141 publications

(272 reference statements)

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“…Male circumcision is one of the most effective biomedical interventions for preventing HIV acquisition in heterosexual men as established through three RCTs and a number of observational studies [43]. The reduction in HIV acquisition among heterosexual circumcised men is approximately 60% [44].…”

Section: Preventing Hiv Transmission Within Serodiscordant Couplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in HIV Prevention for Serodiscordant Couples

Muessig

Cohen

2014

Curr HIV/AIDS Rep

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Serodiscordant couples play an important role in maintaining the global HIV epidemic. This review summarizes biobehavioral and biomedical HIV prevention options for serodiscordant couples focusing on advances in 2013 and 2014, including World Health Organization guidelines and best-evidence for couples counseling, couples-based interventions, and the use of antiviral agents for prevention. In the past few years marked advances have been made in HIV prevention for serodiscordant couples and numerous ongoing studies are continuously expanding HIV prevention tools, especially in the area of pre-exposure prophylaxis. Uptake and adherence to antiviral therapy remains a key challenge. Additional research is needed to develop evidence-based interventions for couples, and especially for male-male couples. Randomized trials have demonstrated the prevention benefits of antiretroviral-based approaches among serodiscordant couples; however, residual transmission observed in recognized serodiscordant couples represents an important and resolvable challenge in HIV prevention.

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Section: Preventing Hiv Transmission Within Serodiscordant Couplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in HIV Prevention for Serodiscordant Couples

Muessig

Cohen

2014

Curr HIV/AIDS Rep

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“…Considering the recent success of non-vaccine prevention tools, such as microbicides [1], pre-exposure chemoprophylaxis [2], male circumcision (reviewed in [3]), and treatment of infected individuals [4], it may be expected that their increased use will slow the spread of HIV in coming years (reviewed in [5]). However, maintaining control over the HIV epidemic through drug prevention is unconvincing due to suboptimal compliance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multimodality vaccination against clade C SHIV: Partial protection against mucosal challenges with a heterologous tier 2 virus

Lakhashe

Byrareddy

Zhou

et al. 2014

Vaccine

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We sought to test whether vaccine-induced immune responses could protect rhesus macaques (RMs) against upfront heterologous challenges with an R5 simian-human immunodeficiency virus, SHIV-2873Nip. This SHIV strain exhibits many properties of transmitted HIV-1, such as tier 2 phenotype (relatively difficult to neutralize), exclusive CCR5 tropism, and gradual disease progression in infected RMs. Since no human AIDS vaccine recipient is likely to encounter an HIV-1 strain that exactly matches the immunogens, we immunized the RMs with recombinant Env proteins heterologous to the challenge virus. For induction of immune responses against Gag, Tat, and Nef, we explored a strategy of immunization with overlapping synthetic peptides (OSP). The immune responses against Gag and Tat were finally boosted with recombinant proteins. The vaccinees and a group of ten control animals were given five low-dose intrarectal (i.r.) challenges with SHIV-2873Nip. All controls and seven out of eight vaccinees became systemically infected; there was no significant difference in viremia levels of vaccinees vs. controls. Prevention of viremia was observed in one vaccinee which showed strong boosting of virus-specific cellular immunity during virus exposures. The protected animal showed no challenge virus-specific neutralizing antibodies in the TZM-bl or A3R5 cell-based assays and had low-level ADCC activity after the virus exposures. Microarray data strongly supported a role for cellular immunity in the protected animal. Our study represents a case of protection against heterologous tier 2 SHIV-C by vaccine-induced, virus-specific cellular immune responses.

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“…[15,27,28] to achieving effective combination HIV prevention strategies that target migrant populations. The intention of this study is to reveal evidence that link migrants and increased risk of HIV infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobility and increased risk of HIV acquisition in South Africa: a mixed-method systematic review protocol

et al. 2018

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Background: In South Africa (home of the largest HIV epidemic globally), there are high levels of mobility. While studies produced in the recent past provide useful perspectives to the mobility-HIV risk linkage, systematic analyses are needed for in-depth understanding of the complex dynamics between mobility and HIV risk. We plan to undertake an evidence-based review of existing literature connecting mobility and increased risky sexual behavior as well as risk of HIV acquisition in South Africa. Methods/design: We will conduct a mixed-method systematic review of peer-reviewed studies published between 2000 and 2015. In particular, we will search for relevant South African studies from the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and J-STOR databases. Studies explicitly examining HIV and labor migration will be eligible for inclusion, while non-empirical work and other studies on key vulnerable populations such as commercial sex workers (CSW) and men who have sex with men (MSM) will be excluded.

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Male circumcision for HIV prevention: current evidence and implementation in sub‐Saharan Africa

Cited by 64 publications

References 141 publications

Advances in HIV Prevention for Serodiscordant Couples

Advances in HIV Prevention for Serodiscordant Couples

Multimodality vaccination against clade C SHIV: Partial protection against mucosal challenges with a heterologous tier 2 virus

Mobility and increased risk of HIV acquisition in South Africa: a mixed-method systematic review protocol

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