Male displays adjusted to female's response

Patricelli, Gail L.; Uy, J. Albert C.; Walsh, Greg; Borgia, Gerald

doi:10.1038/415279a

Cited by 259 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Few studies, however, have investigated the possibility that male competitive strategies may be dynamic and capable of change in real time during competitive encounters in response to changes in either abiotic or social environmental factors. For instance, males could minimize the costs and maximize the probability of mating success by choosing the optimal time for display, adjusting the repetition rate of courtship displays and/or modulating the complexity of displays in response to changes in social or environmental variables (Patricelli et al 2002;Byrne 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male vocal competition is dynamic and strongly affected by social contexts in music frogs

et al. 2013

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Male-male vocal competition in anuran species is critical for mating success; however, it is also highly time-consuming, energetically demanding and likely to increase predation risks. Thus, we hypothesized that changes in the social context would cause male vocal competition to change in real time in order to minimize the costs and maximize the benefits of competition. To test this hypothesis, we assessed the effect of repeating playbacks of either white noise (WN) or male advertisement calls on male call production in the Emei music frog (Babina daunchina), a species in which males build mud-retuse burrows and call from within these nests. Previous studies have shown that calls produced from inside burrows are highly sexually attractive (HSA) to females while those produced outside nests are of low sexual attractiveness (LSA). Results showed that most subjects called responsively after the end of WN playbacks but before the onset of conspecific call stimuli although call numbers were similar, indicating that while males adjusted competitive patterns according to the biological significance of signals, their competitive motivation did not change. Furthermore, these data indicate that the frogs had evolved the ability of interval timing. Moreover, when the inter-stimulus interval (ISI) between playbacks was varied, the subjects preferentially competed with HSA calls when the ISI was short (\4 s) but responded equally to HSA and LSA calls if the ISI was long (C4 s), suggesting that males allocate competitive efforts depending on both the perceived sexual attractiveness of rivals and the time available for calling. Notably, approximately two-thirds of male calls occurred in response to HSA calls, a preference rate comparable to that previously found for females in phonotaxis experiments and consistent with the idea that the mechanisms underlying both the male's competitive responses to rivals and the female's preferences toward potential mates coevolved under the same selective pressure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male vocal competition is dynamic and strongly affected by social contexts in music frogs

et al. 2013

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“…These variations in signal level during competitive interactions raise the possibility that animals assess the temporal dynamics of signal production and not only the absolute signalling level of conspecifics to adjust their behaviour (Patricelli, Uy, Walsh, & Borgia, 2002). Game theory has dominated the way evolutionary biologists envisage social interactions (Dobler & Kolliker, 2009;McNamara et al, 1999), and the dynamic process leading animals to behave in a certain way has hardly been investigated empirically (Briffa et al, 1998;Van Dyk, Taylor, & Evans, 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

Social rules govern vocal competition in the barn owl

et al. 2015

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To resolve the share of limited resources, animals often compete through exchange of signals about their relative motivation to compete. When two competitors are similarly motivated, the resolution of conflicts may be achieved in the course of an interactive process. In barn owls, Tyto alba, in which siblings vocally compete during the prolonged absence of parents over access to the next delivered food item, we investigated what governs the decision to leave or enter a contest, and at which level. Siblings alternated periods during which one of the two individuals vocalized more than the other. Individuals followed turn-taking rules to interrupt each other and momentarily dominate the vocal competition. These social rules were weakly sensitive to hunger level and age hierarchy. Hence, the investment in a conflict is determined not only by need and resource-holding potential, but also by social interactions. The use of turn-taking rules governing individual vocal investment has rarely been shown in a competitive context. We hypothesized that these rules would allow individuals to remain alert to one another's motivation while maintaining the cost of vocalizing at the lowest level.© 2015 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd.Natural selection has favoured the evolution of behaviours and weapons to outcompete conspecifics, or of communication systems to resolve the share of resources (Maynard Smith, 1982;Parker, 1974). The term 'negotiation' is usually used for humans who bargain for resources and the process typically ends with a decision about which part of the resource each participant obtains (Nash, 1950). Evolutionary ecologists also use this concept to define situations in which animals communicate to reach an agreement about how a resource is shared or how to invest in a collaborative task (Johnstone & Hinde, 2006;Johnstone & Roulin, 2003;McNamara, Gasson, & Houston, 1999;Patricelli, Krakauer, & McElreath, 2011;Sirot, 2012). An individual that presents conspicuous ornaments or signals at higher levels than its opponents (e.g. produces louder begging calls in nestling birds) usually gains easier access to these limited resources (Godfray, 1991;Kilner, Noble, & Davies, 1999), but, for transient signals, this average signal level can vary over short periods of time, independently of variation in need or condition (Briffa, Elwood, & Dick, 1998;Greenfield, Tourtellot, & Snedden, 1997). The contest outcome is then the result of an interactive process settled during repeated interactions (Briffa et al., 1998;Enquist & Leimar, 1983;Enquist, Leimar, Ljungberg, Mallner, & Segerdahl, 1990;Payne & Pagel, 1996). These variations in signal level during competitive interactions raise the possibility that animals assess the temporal dynamics of signal production and not only the absolute signalling level of conspecifics to adjust their behaviour (Patricelli, Uy, Walsh, & Borgia, 2002). Game theory has dominated the way evolutionary biologists envisage social interactions (Dobler & Koll...

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“…This inability is in contrast to the situation in birds, for which a skin mounted in a life-like position (10), or just a simple tuft of breast feathers attached by wires to a perch (11), is sufficient to evoke clear aggressive behavior in some species. Electromechanically sophisticated, life-like models have recently been used to quantify courtship behavior in satin bowerbirds (12).…”

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confidence: 99%

Bimodal signal requisite for agonistic behavior in a dart-poison frog,Epipedobatesfemoralis

Narins

Hödl

Grabul

2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

236

200

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Animal acoustic signals play seminal roles in mate attraction and regulation of male spacing, maintenance of pairbonds, localization of hosts by parasites, and feeding behavior. Among vertebrate signals, it is becoming clear that no single stereotyped signal feature reliably elicits species-specific behavior, but rather, that a suite of characters is involved. Within the largely nocturnal clade of anuran amphibians, the dart-poison frog, Epipedobates femoralis, is a diurnal species that physically and vigorously defends its calling territory against conspecific intruders. Here we report that physical attacks by a territorial male are provoked only in response to dynamic bimodal stimuli in which the acoustic playback of vocalizations is coupled with vocal sac pulsations, but not by either unimodal cues presented in isolation or static bimodal stimuli. These results suggest that integration of dynamic bimodal cues is necessary to elicit aggression in this species.animal communication ͉ territorial defense ͉ anuran ͉ amphibian ͉ Dendrobatidae

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Male displays adjusted to female's response

Cited by 259 publications

References 6 publications

Male vocal competition is dynamic and strongly affected by social contexts in music frogs

Male vocal competition is dynamic and strongly affected by social contexts in music frogs

Social rules govern vocal competition in the barn owl

Bimodal signal requisite for agonistic behavior in a dart-poison frog,Epipedobatesfemoralis

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