Male–killing<i>Wolbachia</i>in two species of insect

Hurst, Gregory D. D.; Jiggins, Francis M.; Schulenburg, J. Hinrich Graf von der; Bertrand, Dominique; West, Stuart A.; Горячева, И. И.; Захаров, И. К.; Werren, John H.; Stouthamer, Richard; Majerus, Michael E. N.

doi:10.1098/rspb.1999.0698

Cited by 365 publications

(270 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…They are transmitted maternally in egg cytoplasm and alter host reproduction in various ways to enhance their own transmission. The most common effect is cytoplasmic incompatibility (Hoffmann & Turelli 1997), but there are also various forms of host sex-ratio distortion, namely parthenogenesis induction (Stouthamer et al 1993), feminization (Bouchon et al 1998) and male killing (Hurst et al 1999). These effects on individual hosts can also have impacts on host population biology (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergent incidences ofWolbachiainfection in fig wasp communities from two continents

Haine

Cook

2005

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Wide surveys suggest that Wolbachia bacteria infect ca. 20% of all insect species, but particular taxonomic or ecological groups may display significantly higher or lower incidences. We studied 61 fig wasp species in Australia and found the highest known incidence (67%) of infection in a targeted study of this nature. A comparable study in Panama reported a similar figure (59%), confirming the exceptionally high incidence of Wolbachia in fig wasps. Importantly, these are two independent estimates of Wolbachia incidence in fig wasp communities, because no host species, or even genera, are shared between localities. The high level of infection may reflect enhanced opportunities for horizontal transmission inside fig fruits. Although incidence was similar in Panama and Australia, the actual strains involved were different and region-specific. Local strains were shared by several host species, although there was often no obvious (direct) ecological link between two hosts with the same infection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergent incidences ofWolbachiainfection in fig wasp communities from two continents

Haine

Cook

2005

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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“…These bacteria infect the reproductive tissues of arthropods, are transmitted through the egg cytoplasm and alter reproduction in their arthropod hosts in various ways (Werren 1997). Wolbachia are associated with cytoplasmic incompatibility (Breeuwer et al 1992;O'Neill et al 1992), parthenogenesis (Stouthamer et al 1993), feminization of genetic males (Rousset et al 1992) and male killing (Hurst et al 1999). They have been implicated as a possible mechanism for rapid speciation in arthopods (Laven 1967;Breeuwer & Werren 1990;Werren 1998;Shoemaker et al 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wolbachiainfection frequencies in insects: evidence of a global equilibrium?

Werren

Windsor

2000

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

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Wolbachia are a group of cytoplasmically inherited bacteria that cause reproduction alterations in arthropods, including parthenogenesis, reproductive incompatibility, feminization of genetic males and male killing. Previous general surveys of insects in Panama and Britain found Wolbachia to be common, occurring in 16^22% of species. Here, using similar polymerase chain reaction methods, we report that 19.3% of a sample of temperate North American insects are infected with Wolbachia, a frequency strikingly similar to frequencies found in two other studies in widely separated locales. The results may indicate a widespread equilibrium of Wolbachia infection frequencies in insects whose maintenance remains to be explained. Alternatively, Wolbachia may be increasing in global insect communities. Within each of the three geographic regions surveyed, Hymenoptera are more frequently infected with A group Wolbachia and Lepidoptera more frequently infected with B group Wolbachia.

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“…Wolbachia infections are found in over 20 per cent of all insects (Werren et al 1995;Werren & Windsor 2000) and their presence may influence population structure and speciation (Shoemaker et al 1999;Bordenstein et al 2001). Wolbachia may also spread in insects through manipulating host reproduction in other ways (Hurst et al 1999(Hurst et al , 2002, and also occur as beneficial symbionts in nematodes (Bandi et al 1998). Here we concentrate solely on CI-inducing Wolbachia, though our arguments also apply to the unrelated bacterium Cardinium that can also spread by CI (Hunter et al 2003;Zchori-Fein & Perlman 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stochastic spread ofWolbachia

2008

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Wolbachia are very common, maternally transmitted endosymbionts of insects. They often spread by a mechanism termed cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) that involves reduced egg hatch when Wolbachia-free ova are fertilized by sperm from Wolbachia-infected males. Because the progeny of Wolbachia-infected females generally do not suffer CI-induced mortality, infected females are often at a reproductive advantage in polymorphic populations. Deterministic models show that Wolbachia that impose no costs on their hosts and have perfect maternal transmission will spread from arbitrarily low frequencies (though initially very slowly); otherwise, there will be a threshold frequency below which Wolbachia frequencies decline to extinction and above which they increase to fixation or a high stable equilibrium. Stochastic theory was used to calculate the probability of fixation in populations of different size for arbitrary current frequencies of Wolbachia, with special attention paid to the case of spread after the arrival of a single infected female. Exact results are given based on a Moran process that assumes a specific demographic model, and approximate results are obtained using the more general Wright-Fisher theory. A new analytical approximation for the probability of fixation is derived, which performs well for small population sizes. The significance of stochastic effects in the natural spread of Wolbachia and their relevance to the use of Wolbachia as a drive mechanism in vector and pest management are discussed.

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Male–killingWolbachiain two species of insect

Cited by 365 publications

References 42 publications

Convergent incidences ofWolbachiainfection in fig wasp communities from two continents

Convergent incidences ofWolbachiainfection in fig wasp communities from two continents

Wolbachiainfection frequencies in insects: evidence of a global equilibrium?

Stochastic spread ofWolbachia

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