Male Sexual and Reproductive Health—Does the Urologist Have a Role in Addressing Gender Inequality in Life Expectancy?

Tharakan, Tharu; Bettocchi, Carlo; Carvalho, Joana; Corona, Giovanni; Joensen, Ulla Nordström; Jones, H.; Kadıoğlu, Ateş; Martínez-Salamanca, Juan Ignacio; Şerefoğlu, Ege Can; Verze, Paolo; Darraugh, Julie; Plass, Karin; N’Dow, James; Salonia, Andrea; Minhas, Suks

doi:10.1016/j.euf.2019.10.009

Cited by 12 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…This is consistent with studies in Japan (8), Thailand (20), and other countries (21,22,26). For women with higher LE, a recent study concluded that LE for men remained lower than that for women, mainly because of the high prevalence of preventable diseases and premature deaths among men (56). Smoking is believed to be the single largest factor in explaining the gender differences in mortality in high-income countries (57).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Self-Rated Healthy Life Expectancy Changes in Jiangxi Province of China by Gender and Urban–Rural Differences, 2013–2018

Liu

Zheng

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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Background: Globalization has brought about rapid economic and technological development, and life expectancy (LE) is constantly increasing. However, it is not clear whether an increase in LE will result in an increase in healthy life expectancy (HLE). This study evaluates trends in the self-rated healthy life expectancy (SRHLE) of residents aged 15 and older in Jiangxi Province of China from 2013 to 2018 and analyzes gender differences and urban–rural differences. This study provides a basis for the formulation of relevant public health policies.Methods: Based on two National Health Services Survey databases of Jiangxi in 2013 and 2018 as well as infant mortality rates and under-5 mortality rates from the Health Commission of Jiangxi, the Sullivan method was used to calculate SRHLE. The changes in SRHLE were decomposed into health and mortality effects using the decomposition method.Results: SRHLE decreased from 56.55 to 55.54 years and from 60.00 to 57.87 years for men and women aged 15 from 2013 to 2018, respectively. The SRHLE of women aged 15 was 3.45 and 2.34 years longer than that of men in 2013 and 2018, respectively. The SRHLE of urban men aged 15 was 2.9 and 4.46 years longer than that of rural men in 2013 and 2018, respectively, and that of urban women aged 15 was 3.28 and 5.57 years longer than that of rural women.Conclusions: The decreased SRHLE indicated that the self-rated health (SRH) status of residents in Jiangxi has worsened, and it provided evidence for the expansion of morbidity, mainly due to the increased prevalence of chronic diseases and the improvement in residents' health awareness. Policy efforts are necessary to control the increased morbidity of chronic diseases and reduce gender and urban–rural differences in the quantity and quality of years lived.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Self-Rated Healthy Life Expectancy Changes in Jiangxi Province of China by Gender and Urban–Rural Differences, 2013–2018

Liu

Zheng

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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“…Although not specific to sex, male obesity rates are rising and the average BMI has increased by 3.3 kg/m 2 within a 39-year period (1975–2014) 3 , 53 This increase is especially relevant as one European study highlighted that obesity was associated with an increased use of mechanical ventilation following COVID-19 infection 54 . Simonnet et al investigated the association between BMI and the requirement for invasive mechanical ventilation in patients infected with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit at the Roger Salengro Hospital between 27 February 2020 and 5 April 2020 (ref.…”

Section: Risk Factors For Mortality and Sexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This virus has subsequently spread globally, causing a pandemic that has had a catastrophic effect on society, health-care systems and the economy. Considerable media and public interest has focused on the disproportionately high mortality from COVID-19 in men 2 ; this discrepancy might be due to biological, genetic and lifestyle differences between the sexes, making men more vulnerable to both infections and non-communicable diseases 3 – 5 . Indeed, this sex gap in mortality is not a new phenomenon and contemporary health-care policies seem to have failed to adequately address the disproportionately high levels of premature male deaths 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are sex disparities in COVID-19 a predictable outcome of failing men’s health provision?

et al. 2021

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“…The European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines for Male Sexual and Reproductive health outline a strong recommendation to simultaneously investigate both partners belonging to any infertile couple, in order to categorize the cause of infertility. 1 Likewise, EAU guidelines strongly recommend examining all men seeking medical help for fertility problems, including men with abnormal semen parameters for urogenital abnormalities. 1 Therefore, a focused diagnostic workup of the male patient must always be undertaken and should include a medical and reproductive history, a focused physical examination, and a detailed semen analysis, with strict adherence to World Health Organization (WHO) reference values for human semen characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 1 Likewise, EAU guidelines strongly recommend examining all men seeking medical help for fertility problems, including men with abnormal semen parameters for urogenital abnormalities. 1 Therefore, a focused diagnostic workup of the male patient must always be undertaken and should include a medical and reproductive history, a focused physical examination, and a detailed semen analysis, with strict adherence to World Health Organization (WHO) reference values for human semen characteristics. 2 3 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testicular volume in infertile versus fertile white-European men

Boeri

Capogrosso

Ventimiglia

et al. 2021

Asian Journal of Andrology

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Testicular volume (TV) is considered a good clinical marker of hormonal and spermatogenic function. Accurate reference values for TV measures in infertile and fertile men are lacking. We aimed to assess references values for TV in white-European infertile men and fertile controls. We analyzed clinical and laboratory data from 1940 (95.0%) infertile men and 102 (5.0%) fertile controls. Groups were matched by age using propensity score weighting. TV was assessed using a Prader orchidometer (PO). Circulating hormones and semen parameters were investigated in every male. Descriptive statistics, Spearman's correlation, and logistic regression models tested potential associations between PO-estimated TV values and clinical variables. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to find TV value cutoffs for oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) and nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) status in infertile men. The median testicular volume was smaller in infertile than that of fertile men (15.0 ml vs 22.5 ml; P < 0.001). TV positively correlated with total testosterone, sperm concentration, and progressive sperm motility (all P ≤ 0.001) in infertile men. At multivariable logistic regression analysis, infertile status ( P < 0.001) and the presence of left varicocele ( P < 0.001) were associated with TV < 15 ml. Testicular volume thresholds of 15 ml and 12 ml had a good predictive ability for detecting OAT and NOA status, respectively. In conclusion, infertile men have smaller testicular volume than fertile controls. TV positively correlated with total testosterone, sperm concentration, and progressive motility in infertile men, which was not the case in the age-matched fertile counterparts.

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Male Sexual and Reproductive Health—Does the Urologist Have a Role in Addressing Gender Inequality in Life Expectancy?

Cited by 12 publications

References 106 publications

Self-Rated Healthy Life Expectancy Changes in Jiangxi Province of China by Gender and Urban–Rural Differences, 2013–2018

Self-Rated Healthy Life Expectancy Changes in Jiangxi Province of China by Gender and Urban–Rural Differences, 2013–2018

Are sex disparities in COVID-19 a predictable outcome of failing men’s health provision?

Testicular volume in infertile versus fertile white-European men

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