Male to Female and Female to Male Transgender Persons have Different Sexual Risk Behaviors Yet Similar Rates of STDs and HIV

Stephens, Sally C.; Bernstein, Kyle T.; Philip, Susan

doi:10.1007/s10461-010-9773-1

Cited by 62 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Many transmen/trans-masculine people have had unprotected sex with men without knowing the partner's serostatus and utilize the Internet to find sexual partners (Reisner et al, 2009). Stephens, Bernstein, and Philip (2010) found when examining records from the San Francisco municipal STD clinic no difference between transmen/trans-masculine people and transwomen/trans-feminine people in regard to HIV or STD status. The researchers also found that 23% of the transmen/trans-masculine people were involved in exchange sex.…”

Section: Hiv/aidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgender Health: A Review and Guidance for Future Research—Proceedings from the Summer Institute at the Center for Research on Health and Sexual Orientation, University of Pittsburgh

Lombardi

2010

International Journal of Transgenderism

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This article reports on the outcome of the Summer Institute on Transgender Health Research held July 24-26, 2008, at the University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The institute attendees included a panel of experts in the field of transgender research. The goals of the institute were to provide an opportunity to learn more about transgender health research, to foster a dialogue among experts on transgender health issues, and to come to a consensus on what is needed to move the field forward. The scope of existing research on the transgender population is limited. While more research is needed on the known health problems of HIV/AIDS, substance use, and mental health, there is also a need to focus on other health issues, such as cardiovascular health, that are important to trans/gender-variant people. Participants identified a need to examine how societal discrimination can create a syndemic process that will affect multiple health disparities.

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Section: Hiv/aidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgender Health: A Review and Guidance for Future Research—Proceedings from the Summer Institute at the Center for Research on Health and Sexual Orientation, University of Pittsburgh

Lombardi

2010

International Journal of Transgenderism

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“…This research has mainly focused on transgender women, but Stephens, Bernstein and Philip (2010), in a study in San Francisco, USA, found no difference in rates of sexually transmitted infections and HIV between transgender men and transgender women. In contrast, Herbst, Jacobs, Finlayson, McKleroy, Neumann and Crepaz (2008) found low rates of HIV among transgender men in their review of studies of transgender HIV risk in the USA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgender in Africa: Invisible, inaccessible, or ignored?

Jobson¹,

Theron

Kaggwa

et al. 2012

SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS

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Transgender people are an important key population for HIV risk globally, and several studies have found HIV prevalence rates in transgender populations that are significantly higher than those among other key populations such as men who have sex with men (MSM). There is a lack of research on transgender populations in Africa, and at present, there is almost no data available on HIV prevalence and risk among transgender people on the continent. It is possible that the invisibility of transgender people in epidemiological data from Africa is related to the criminalisation of same-sex behaviour in many countries and the subsequent fear of negative repercussions from participation in research. Alternatively, transgender people may be being overlooked in research due to confusion among researchers about how to ask questions about gender identity. It is also possible that transgender populations have simply been ignored in research to date. Without research on transgender-specific HIV prevalence and risk, it is very difficult to know what interventions and services are needed for this risk population. Therefore, it is important that researchers, governments, Non Governmental Organisations (NGOs) and donor organisations begin to pay explicit attention to transgender people in their HIV-related research and programmes in Africa. Keywords: transgender, Africa, HIV/AIDS RésuméLes personnes transsexuelles son tune population clé importante pour le risque au VIH à l'échelle mondiale, et plusieurs études ont montré que les taux de prévalence du VIH au sein des populations transsexuelles étaient significativement plus élevés que ceux parmi les autres populations clés comme les hommes ayant des rapports sexuels avec les hommes (HSH). Il y a une carence dans le domaine de recherche sur les populations transsexuelles en Afrique, et présentement il n'y a presque pas de données disponibles sur la prévalence et le risque relatifs au VIH au sein de la population transsexuelle sur le continent. Il est possible que l'invisibilité de la population transsexuelle dans les données épidémiologiques provenant de l'Afrique soit liée à la criminalisation répandue des comportements homosexuels dans beaucoup de pays et la peur des répercussions négatives consécutives à la participation aux activités liées aux pratiques homosexuels. Alternativement, la population transsexuelle pourrait être en train d'être négligée dans la recherche en raison de la confusion parmi les chercheurs sur la manière de poser les questions sur l'identité sexuelle. Il est aussi possible que les populations transsexuelles aient simplement été ignorées dans les recherches jusqu'à présent. Sans la recherche sur le risque et la prévalence spécifique chez les transsexuels, il est très difficile de connaître quelles interventions et quels services sont nécessaires pour cette population à risque. Il est donc important que les chercheurs, les gouvernements, les ONGs et les organisations donatrices commencent à prêter une attention particulière à la population transsexu...

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“…However, 42 (32.3%) of the 130 newly diagnosed HIV cases among transgender people occurred in transgender men. In a US study, HIV infection rates were similar for transgender men (10%) and transgender women (11%) [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-Based Rapid HIV Testing in Brazil for Vulnerable Populations: Whom are We Reaching?

Barros¹,

Sabidó²,

Mir³

et al. 2017

J AIDS Clin Res

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Objective: Rapid HIV testing and counselling in community settings delivered by trained peers can allow easier access to and uptake of HIV testing and care. The programme 'Live Better Knowing' offers rapid HIV testing to key populations across Brazil. This cross-sectional study aims at describing the HIV prevalence in population subgroups and at assessing the association of sex work (SW) and/or drug use with a positive HIV result. Methods:Between January 2013 and April 2016, key populations were invited for HIV rapid oral fluid tests (DPP HIV-1/2 Bio-Manguinhos/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) by peers. HIV testing was offered in identified venues and areas where these populations socialize. Participants were interviewed using a brief questionnaire about their socio-demographic and risk behaviour. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the effect of SW and/or drug use on the risk of HIV.Results: Among the 43,358 participants, 42.9% were ciswomen, 2.9% were transvestites, 2.7% were transgender, 19.8% were men who have sex with men (MSM) and 31.9% were heterosexual men. Overall, 52.1% were first-time HIV testers. The HIV prevalence among the ciswomen, transvestites, transgender people, MSM and heterosexual men was 0.9%, 7.2%, 4%, 3.4% and 1%, respectively. Individuals who performed SW and used drugs had the highest HIV prevalence within each population group (ciswomen 1.7%, transvestites 8.1%, transgender 7.4%, MSM 5.9% and heterosexual men 2.6%). The adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals for selling sex combined with drug use were 2.90 (1.21-6.96) in ciswomen, 25.01 (2.67-234.57) in transgender people and 2.42 (1.31-4.48) in MSM. Conclusion:This outreach programme attracted persons with high risk practices who had never been tested. Our findings suggest that transvestites and transgender people (particularly those who sell sex) constitute a high risk population for HIV in urgent need of enhanced prevention, treatment and care services.

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Male to Female and Female to Male Transgender Persons have Different Sexual Risk Behaviors Yet Similar Rates of STDs and HIV

Cited by 62 publications

References 7 publications

Transgender Health: A Review and Guidance for Future Research—Proceedings from the Summer Institute at the Center for Research on Health and Sexual Orientation, University of Pittsburgh

Transgender Health: A Review and Guidance for Future Research—Proceedings from the Summer Institute at the Center for Research on Health and Sexual Orientation, University of Pittsburgh

Transgender in Africa: Invisible, inaccessible, or ignored?

Community-Based Rapid HIV Testing in Brazil for Vulnerable Populations: Whom are We Reaching?

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