Maleated glycidyl 3-pentadecenyl phenyl ether with styrene: synthesis and application as compatibilizer in SBR/silica composite

Abstract

Maleated glycidyl 3‐pentadecenyl phenyl ether with styrene (MGS) was synthesized from glycidyl 3‐pentadecenyl phenyl ether (GPPE), maleic anhydride (MAH) and styrene (St) in the presence of AIBN initiator at 80°C, and then the resultant MGS was applied as a compatibilizer to prepare SBR/silica composites. Meanwhile, the commercial compatibilizer bis‐(triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide (named Si69) added into composite was also prepared for comparison purpose. The synthetic MGS structure was characterized by GPC and FTIR, and SBR/silica compounds with different compatibilizer were analyzed using RPA, DMA and so on. The results showed that M̄n and M̄w of MGS were 19,538 g/mol and 23,790 g/mol, respectively. The curing time of compounds with MGS increased, whereas the maximum and minimum torques decreased. The addition of MGS decreased Payne effect of SBR/silica compounds, which implied an improvement of silica dispersion in the compounds. Bound rubber content of compound with MGS was about 1.7 times higher than the absence and 1.5 times higher than that with Si69. The tensile strength of the composites was improved by increasing compatibilizer loading, and the optimum value was observed at 6 phr of MGS. Meanwhile the use of MGS can improve the anti‐aging property of composite. According to DMA, the tanδ value at 0°C of composite with MGS was higher than composite without compatibilizer suggesting that MGS can improve the wet skid resistance of composite. The SEM analysis revealed that introduction of MGS enhanced the compatibility between SBR and silica. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Using Epoxidized Solution Polymerized Styrene-Butadiene Rubbers (ESSBRs) as Coupling Agents to Modify Silica without Volatile Organic Compounds

“…When rubber nanocomposite is applied to tire treads, the anti-wet skid performance is generally correlated with the tanδ values at 0 • C [46,47]. The higher the tanδ value at 0 • C is, the better the anti-skid performance is.…”

Research on Payne effect of natural rubber reinforced by graft‐modified silica

“…Due to the excellent performance, more than half of silica had been applied to rubber industry. Particularly, precipitated silica had become the main reinforcing materials besides carbon black, which had been used as reinforcing filler partially or exclusively for NR, epoxidized natural rubber (ENR), styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR), silicone rubber, etc.…”

Short Nylon Fibers Waste Modified with Glycidyl 3-Pentadecenyl Phenyl Ether to Reinforce Styrene Butadiene Rubber Tread Compounds

“…Meanwhile, the cocrosslinking reaction might occur between the MNSF-2 fiber and SBR during vulcanization process, resulting in improved interface bonding and comparative mechanical properties of the modified fibers/SBR tread compounds. Furthermore, the superior elongation at break of MNSF-2/SBR compounds confirmed the formation of flexible interfacial bond between fibers and rubber matrix [26]. The developed flexible interface bond of tread compound is feasible to the well balance properties for a truck tire service.…”

“…Our previous research results had confirmed that short nylon fibers waste maintained their length upon mixing and had reinforcing effects on Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer rubber [25]. Moreover, in our lab we had successfully employed Glycidyl 3-Pentadecenyl Phenyl Ether (GPPE), a renewable derivative from cashew nut industry, as a compatibilizer to improve the interface adhesion between SBR and nanoparticle fillers [26,27]. The presence of the epoxy propyl ether group and C 15 unsaturated side chain in GPPE molecule, as shown in Figure 1, facilitates chemical reactions of GPPE with many chemical compounds [28].…”

“…The presence of the epoxy propyl ether group and C 15 unsaturated side chain in GPPE molecule, as shown in Figure 1, facilitates chemical reactions of GPPE with many chemical compounds [28]. The C 15 unsaturated side chain of GPPE was available for creating strong and flexible interaction between filler and rubber matrix [26].…”