Maleic anhydride copolymers as adhesion‐promoting reagent in wood veneer/biopolyethlyene composite materials

Abstract

Biocomposite materials consisting of biopolyethlylene (bio‐PE) and wood veneer are produced using four structurally different maleic anhydride (MA) copolymers as reactive interfacial components. The respective MA copolymer was dip coated onto the veneer surface and serves as adhesion‐promoting and compatibilizing reagents for the highly polar wood veneer and the weakly polar bio‐PE. Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy confirms esterification reactions on to the wood veneers. The MA copolymer modified woods show hydrophobic surfaces due to contact angles with water droplets up to 125 °. The adapted surface properties of the materials provide compatible biocomposite material verified by scanning electron microscopy/energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy images of wood fibers impregnated with the bio‐PE matrix. Furthermore, the tensile properties of the biocomposite materials are greatly improved for all MA copolymer coatings. Compared to the unmodified wood veneer/bio‐PE composites, the polypropylene‐graft‐maleic anhydride modification was found to have the highest improvement of 139% in Young's modulus and 115% in tensile strength. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:1979–1988, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers

From nanocellulose to wood particles: A review of particle size vs. the properties of plastic composites reinforced with cellulose-based entities

“…Such treatment led to large improvements in the strength of composites formed with an acrylic copolymer. Raj and Kokta 1991;Cui et al 2008;Frone et al 2011;Mokhene & Luyt 2014;Farsi 2012;Nishitani et al 2016;Chen et al 2017;Fang et al 2017;Gao et al , 2019Zhou et al 2017;Rashno et al 2018;Fathi et al 2019, Ikladious et al 2019Liu et al 2019 Esterification (including acetylation and monomeric alkyl esters) Zhang et al 2009;Taib et al 2010;Ben Mbarek et al 2013;Cavdar et al 2014;Cetin et al 2015;Hung et al 2016;Biswas et al 2019;John et al 2019 Maleic anhydride polyethylene (MAPE)* Bouafif et al 2010;Sewda & Maiti 2010;Taib et al 2010;Zabihzadeh et al 2010;Najafi & Khademi-Eslam 2011;Yao et al 2011;Li 2012;Petchwattana et al 2012;Ben Mbarek et al 2013;Gallagher & McDonald 2013;Li et al 2013;Hemmasi 2013;Pollanen et al 2013;Tisserat et al 2013a,b;Schirp et al 2014;Tazi et al 2014;Tong et al 2014;Migneault et al 2015;...…”

FT-IR combined with oscillatory rheology: How to evaluate chemical structure of ester derivatives of MA-containing compatibilizers

“…Many examples can be found in the literature for the latter one, such as MA-grafted polymers or copolymers [ [24] , [25] , [26] ]. MA plays a significant role in terms of improving compatibility, as it can form covalent bonds through its reactivity [ [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] ]. The ratio of MA rings in these compatibilizers carries significant information, which is defined by the acid number or the MA content/ratio, depending on the consistency of the additive [ [31] , [32] , [33] , [34] ].…”

Low-Cost and Formaldehyde-Free Wood Adhesive Based on Water-Soluble Olefin-Maleamic Acid Copolymers

“…Accordingly, anhydride compounds can directly undergo the cross-linking reaction with cellulosic biomass . Also, maleic anhydride copolymers have been frequently employed to improve the adhesion property of wood veneer/plastic composite materials. , Nevertheless, maleic anhydride copolymers are not water-soluble and must be dissolved into organic solvents to facilitate their accessibility with wood materials, which results in the problem of volatile organic compound (VOC) emission.…”