Maleic anhydride grafted onto high density polyethylene with an enhanced grafting degree via monomer microencapsulation

Abstract

High-density polyethylene (HDPE) is among the flexible polymers on account of its appropriate processability and adequate mechanical properties. Grafting reactive monomers such as glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and maleic anhydride (MAH) onto polyethylene was one of the ultimate choices to improve the physicochemical properties of HDPE. MAH is an appropriate option for grafting onto HDPE owing to its low reactivity and it relatively undergoes a direct grafting onto the polymer. The grafting of MAH on HDPE copolymerization has been conducted using monomer microencapsulation method in this study. The monomer microencapsulation samples were extracted stratified using acetone and xylen. Samples were then analyzed using titration, melt flow rate, FTIR, DSC, TGA and C-NMR. The results showed the degree of paste monomer on HDPE with a microencapsulation method was greater when compared to the usual method. We were successfully improving the grafting degree of MAH onto HDPE by using a simple blending method. The pre-microencapsulated HDPE provided an increasing in grafting degree of 1.88% (HDPE-g-MAH) over the conventional one which shows the value of 1.39% (HDPE-g-MAH).

Preparation of environment‐friendly hydrophilic rubber from natural rubber grafted with sodium acrylate by reactive melt mixing

“…The introduction of MA onto the backbone of a non-polar polymer can overcome the disadvantage of the low surface energy of these polymers and so improve their surface hydrophilicity. [14,15] The grafting reaction via reactive melt mixing in the melt phase using an extruder or internal mixer has been developed by many researchers for grafting MA onto polyolefin [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] and NR. [25][26][27] The grafting copolymerization of MA onto the NR molecules has generally been performed in the molten state using peroxide or the shearing action of the materials in machines as initiators.…”

Structural and nonlinear J-integral fracture toughness for nanoclay toughened ternary HDPE/LDPE-g-MA/ABS blend nanocomposites

“…Grafting copolymerization of glycidyl methacrylate (HDPE-g-GMA) with maleic anhydride-grafted HDPE (HDPE-g-MA) ternary system imparted significant improvements in the mechanical properties. 6 Furthermore, the good compatibility of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) amorphous thermoplastic with HDPE showed a higher crack propagation energies and stiffness of HDPE/ABS due to building blocks of polyblend and penetration at surface defects and modify the surface energy. 7 The incorporation of a small amount of rigid nanoreinforcements (< 10 wt.…”

Development of Green Composite Based on Recycled-Low Density Polyethylene (r-LDPE) as an Environmentally Friendly Packaging

“…Increasing the adhesion and compatibility between the r-LDPE and organic fibres by applying the coupling agents/compatibilizers [5]. One of the coupling agents that can be used is maleic anhydride (MA) [12]. This material provides a better adhesion force to the mixture of natural fibres with LDPE [5].…”