Maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene: FTIR study of a model polymer grafted by ene-reaction

Sclavons, Michel; Laurent, Mathieu Y.; Devaux, Jacques; Carlier, Vincent

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2005.06.115

Cited by 101 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The peaks at 1780 and 1790 cm -1 , which are characteristic peaks of anhydride carbonyl due to the stretching vibration of the C＝O bond 16 were present in N-2 and N-3, but only the peak at 1790 cm -1 was present in N-1. According to the work reported by Sclavons 17 , the peak at 1790 cm -1 was assigned to a single succinic graft unit while the second peak observed at 1780 cm -1 was assigned to poly(maleic anhydride). Ying et al 18 reported that the grafting degree of MAH increased in the presence of styrene, and this also resulted in little self-polymerization of MAH.…”

Section: Ftir Analysis Of Nanocomposite Microspheresmentioning

confidence: 83%

Synthesis of TiO₂/Poly(styrene‐co‐divinybenzene) Nanocomposite Microspheres by Grafting Copolymerization

Li¹,

Wang

Cheng

et al. 2008

Chin. J. Chem.

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Porous and nonporous nanocomposite microspheres were successfully prepared by grafting titania (TiO 2 ) particles to poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) microsphere involving silane coupling agent 3-glycidoxypropyltri-methoxysilane (KH560), styrene and maleic anhydride as coupling agents. The effects of KH560 and styrene on the dispersion and amount of grafted-titania on the surface of the microsphere (nonporous) as well as the effect of porous property of the supporting microsphere on the amount of grafted-TiO 2 within the microsphere (porous) were investigated. The results indicated that both KH560 and styrene could enhance the stability and dispersion of TiO 2 particles attached to the surface of the microsphere producing grain size with diameter in the range of 30-80 nm. With nonporous microsphere styrene also increased the amount of grafted-TiO 2 particles on the microsphere from 10.4% to 20.4% as revealed by TGA. Porous nanocomposite microspheres with mean pore size of 136 nm could accommodate more TiO 2 particles larger than either nonporous nanocomposite or porous nancomposite with mean pore size of 31 nm, yielding maximum of 26% by weight of grafted-TiO 2 .Keywords porous, titania, poly(styrene-co-divinybenzene), grafting copolymerization IntroductionIn recent years, inorganic/polymer nanocomposites have been made by coating the inorganic particles onto polymer surface or vice versa to improve the dispersion stability of inorganic nanoparticles. Most of the efforts have been focused on inorganic phase coated with a thin polymer layer in a core-shell morphology.1-4 However, some performances of the inorganic particles were limited or reduced by the polymer shell.5 Coating inorganic particles onto the surface of a polymer can resolve the problem mentioned above. In general, there are several ways to prepare nanocomposite by direct attachment of titania particles onto the surface of the polymer microsphere. One process involves charge attraction or hydrogen bond, such as the synthesis from inorganic precursors in the presence of polymer microspheres with active groups.6,7 However, these methods often result in the easy detachment of the inorganic particles from the polymer microspheres due to the weak electrostatic force or hydrogen bond between the two interfaces. Another method is to use a mechanical wallop, 8,9 but this method can easily destroy the crystalline type of inorganic particles. Other methods include coupling reaction that uses a coupling agent to combine inorganic particles and polymer by covalent bonds, 10 which provided relatively stable and strong coating layers of inorganic particles on the surface of polymeric materials with high efficiency. But there have been few reports describing the coating of inorganic particles to porous polymer microspheres by a covalent bond, and the effect of coupling agents and porous property on the dispersion and stability of inorganic particles grafted to the microspheres.In this report we prepared nanocomposites comprising porous or nonporous poly(styrene-co-d...

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Section: Ftir Analysis Of Nanocomposite Microspheresmentioning

confidence: 83%

Synthesis of TiO₂/Poly(styrene‐co‐divinybenzene) Nanocomposite Microspheres by Grafting Copolymerization

Li¹,

Wang

Cheng

et al. 2008

Chin. J. Chem.

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“…Dessa forma, os resultados de FTIR sugerem a interação entre anidrido maleico e a superfície das partículas de ardósia, induzindo a conversão de anidrido para ácido. A banda de absorção em 1640 cm -1 no espectro 2b, e que não está presente no espectro do sistema sem anidrido maleico (Figura 2a), pode ser associada às ligações duplas entre carbonos C=C criadas durante a clivagem das cadeias de polipropileno na presença de peróxido [17] .…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Obtenção de compósitos de resíduos de ardósia e polipropileno

Carvalho¹,

Mansur²,

Vasconcelos³

et al. 2007

Polímeros

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Resumo: O uso de ardósia em construções tem frequentemente resultado na produção de uma grande quantidade de resídu-os particulados que tem pequeno valor mercadológico e grande potencial de danificação do meio ambiente. Neste trabalho, partículas de ardósia foram testadas como agente de reforço em polipropileno. Polipropileno e partículas de ardósia foram misturados em um misturador em diferentes frações. Anidrido maleico foi também usado durante a mistura para induzir modificações no polipropileno que levassem a um aumento na interação entre os componentes. As amostras foram caracterizadas por espectroscopia no infravermelho (FTIR) e microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Materiais contendo 5 e 10% de ardósia produziram amostras com características ópticas semelhantes à rocha original. As análises por FTIR e microscopia eletrônica de varredura sugeriram que as modificações químicas no polipropileno levaram a uma melhoria parcial das interações interfaciais entre as partículas de ardósia e o polímero. Propriedades mecânicas, avaliadas por meio de ensaios de resistência à tração, mostraram que a adição das partículas de ardósia não alterou significativamente a resistência mecânica do polipropileno. Assim sendo, a incorporação de partículas de ardósia em polipropileno surge como uma tecnologia potencial para a produção de sistemas com algumas propriedades mecânicas comparáveis ao polipropileno puro, baixo custo, propriedades ópticas próximas às da ardósia e habilidade de minimizar problemas ambientais decorrentes da presença de resíduos derivados de atividades industriais. Palavras-chave: Ardósia, aproveitamento de resíduos, compósitos, polipropileno. Composites Obtained by the Combination of Slate Powder and PolypropyleneAbstract: The use of slate rock in constructions often results in the production of large amount of residual powder that has very low economical value and can also damage the environment. In this work, slate powder was tested as a reinforcing agent for polypropylene. Polypropylene and slate powder were mixed in different ratios in a mixer. Maleic anhydride was also used during the mixing to induce chemical modification of polypropylene in order to improve interactions between the polymer and the inorganic powder. Samples were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Samples obtained by adding 5 and 10 wt. % of slate powder in polypropylene had optical properties close to those of commercial slate. FTIR and electron microscopy results suggested that chemical modification of polypropylene led to a partial improvement on the interfacial interactions between slate powder and the polymer. Mechanical properties evaluated by using tensile tests showed that the slate powder did not affect substantially the mechanical strength of polypropylene. Therefore, the incorporation of slate powder in polypropylene emerges as a potential technology for production of systems with some mechanical properties comparable to pure polypropylene, low cost, optical properties close to pure slat...

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“…There is a clear signal at the transmittance bands of 1780 and 1849 cm -1 in the grafted PBS, while were absent in the neat PBS. These bands are assigned to the symmetric (1780 cm -1 ) and asymmetric (1849 cm -1 ) stretching of C=O bonds for the succinic anhydride groups [27,30]. Higher peak intensities were also observed on C2 at the 1780 and 1849 cm -1 bands as compared to C1, corresponded to higher content of succinic anhydride groups in C2.…”

Section: Fourier Transform Infrared (Ftir)mentioning

confidence: 94%

Reactive processing of maleic anhydride-grafted poly(butylene succinate) and the compatibilizing effect on poly(butylene succinate) nanocomposites

Phua¹,

Chow²,

Ishak³

2013

Express Polym. Lett.

100

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Abstract. In this study, maleic anhydride-grafted poly(butylene succinate) (PBS-g-MA) was synthesized via reactive meltgrafting process using different initiator contents. The grafting efficiency was increased with the initiator content, manifested by the higher degree of grafting in PBS-g-MA. The grafting reaction was confirmed through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Then, PBS-g-MA was incorporated into organo-montmorillonite (OMMT) filled poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) nanocomposites as compatibilizer. Mechanical properties of PBS nanocomposites were enhanced after compatibilized with PBS-g-MA, due to the better dispersion of OMMT in PBS matrix and the improved filler-matrix interfacial interactions. This was verifiable through X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that the degree of crystallinity and melting temperature increased after addition of PBS-g-MA. However, the presence of PBS-g-MA did not favor the thermal stability of the nanocomposites, as reported in the thermogravimetry (TGA).

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Maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene: FTIR study of a model polymer grafted by ene-reaction

Cited by 101 publications

References 23 publications

Synthesis of TiO₂/Poly(styrene‐co‐divinybenzene) Nanocomposite Microspheres by Grafting Copolymerization

Synthesis of TiO₂/Poly(styrene‐co‐divinybenzene) Nanocomposite Microspheres by Grafting Copolymerization

Obtenção de compósitos de resíduos de ardósia e polipropileno

Reactive processing of maleic anhydride-grafted poly(butylene succinate) and the compatibilizing effect on poly(butylene succinate) nanocomposites

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Maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene: FTIR study of a model polymer grafted by ene-reaction

Cited by 101 publications

References 23 publications

Synthesis of TiO2/Poly(styrene‐co‐divinybenzene) Nanocomposite Microspheres by Grafting Copolymerization

Synthesis of TiO2/Poly(styrene‐co‐divinybenzene) Nanocomposite Microspheres by Grafting Copolymerization

Obtenção de compósitos de resíduos de ardósia e polipropileno

Reactive processing of maleic anhydride-grafted poly(butylene succinate) and the compatibilizing effect on poly(butylene succinate) nanocomposites

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Product

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Synthesis of TiO₂/Poly(styrene‐co‐divinybenzene) Nanocomposite Microspheres by Grafting Copolymerization

Synthesis of TiO₂/Poly(styrene‐co‐divinybenzene) Nanocomposite Microspheres by Grafting Copolymerization