Malignant Angiomyolipoma of the Kidney Associated with Hypercalcaemia

Byrne, D. J.; Stewart, Praphaporn; Lowe, J. W.

doi:10.1111/j.1464-410x.1988.tb04277.x

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Renal angiomyolipoma also rarely invades the venous structures in the hilus, or extends into the vena cava inferior [5,7]. An extension into the right atrium has also been reported [21], with a possible misdiagnosis of malignant angiomyolipoma in such cases [4]. The analysis of the seven presented cases of RO shows that angioinvasion or renal vein extension seems to have no prognostic significance whatsoever.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Renal oncocytoma with and without intravascular extension into the branches of renal vein have the same morphological, immunohistochemical, and genetic features

et al. 2007

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We attempted to investigate the clinicopathological correlation of renal oncocytoma (RO) with renal vein extension. We identified seven ROs with extension into the branches of renal vein. The age of seven patients ranged from 61 to 82 years. Five cases were identified incidentally; two patients had gross hematuria. After surgery, all patients were alive and free of tumors with follow-up of 1 to 5 years (mean = 3.6). Oncocytomas measured from 2.2 to 7.5 cm. Renal vein extension was grossly suspected in five of seven cases and histologically confirmed in all seven cases. Tumor cells were positive for cytokeratins, mitochondrial-antigen (MIA), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), and parvalbumin; five of seven tumors were focally positive for CD117. Ultrastructurally, the cytoplasm was packed by mitochondria. Molecular genetic analysis did not detect abnormal numbers of chromosomes 1, 2, 6, 7, 10, 17, and XY by fluorescence in situ hybridization, loss of heterozygosity on 3p and mutation of von Hippel-Lindau gene in all cases. Array comparative genomic hybridization analysis of two cases did not show any major genetic changes. Our conclusions are as follows: (1) renal oncocytomas may have intravascular extension to the branches of the renal vein; (2) renal oncocytomas with intravascular extension to the branches of the renal vein have the same morphological, immunohistochemical, and cytogenetic findings as have their counterparts without evidence of intravascular invasion; (3) the absence of metastases suggests an overall benign behavior of this tumor, but this has to be substantiated by further studies with a long-term follow-up; and (4) in a renal tumor with granular cytoplasm showing renal vein extension, it is necessary to carefully exclude renal cell carcinomas such as chromophobe RCC, oncocytic variant of papillary RCC, and granular variant of clear cell RCC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Renal oncocytoma with and without intravascular extension into the branches of renal vein have the same morphological, immunohistochemical, and genetic features

et al. 2007

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“…Kawaguchi et al [22] reported a case of malignant transformation in angiomyolipoma. Three cases of sarcoma with angiomyolipoma origins were also reported [15,20,21]. In one case, liver invasion was present and focal high-grade sarcoma lesions were present within the tumor tissue of angiomyolipoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Angiomyolipoma usually do not show aggressive behaviors; however, it may show soft tissue invasion if the tumor is not removed totally [15]. Epitheloid angiomyolipoma is a different form of angiomyolipoma which is described for the late stage of angiomyolipoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Renal angiomyolipoma with malignant transformation, simultaneous occurrence with malignity and other complex clinical situations

et al. 2006

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Renal angiomyolipoma is a benign kidney tumor, which is characterized by the presence of mature or immature fat tissue, thick-walled blood vessels, and smooth muscles. However, there is a rare possibility of transformation to a malignancy. This transformation could be toward sarcoma. And also angiomyolipoma could be associated with renal adenocarcinoma in the same kidney. The aim of this study is to show the association of angiomyolipoma with complex clinical situations such as malign transformation, simultaneous occurrence with adenocarcinoma, bilateral tumors with tuberous sclerosis or Wunderlich Syndrome. Findings of clinical presentation, pathological evaluation, urography, ultrasonography, and computerized tomography of 19 patients who were diagnosed angiomyolipoma in our clinic during 1994-2003 were examined retrospectively. Our records indicated that radical nephrectomy was performed in three cases of angiomyolipoma in which the differential diagnosis from adenocarcinoma could not be made and in another case of angiomyolipoma, which was associated with adenocarcinoma. Simple nephrectomy was performed in four symptomatic angiomyolipoma cases with tumor size larger than 4 cm and partial nephrectomy in another case. In one case, renal angiomyolipoma was associated with adenocarcinoma in the same kidney. In one case, post-operative recurrence of angiomyolipoma developed 7 months after nephrectomy. This patient was diagnosed low-grade leiomyosarcoma. Angiomyolipoma is regarded as a benign tumor of the kidney; however, it may also show aggressive behaviors and rarely transform to sarcoma. It may also exist in the same kidney along with adenocarcinoma or sarcoma.

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“…The isolated form is usually small and asymptomatic and is found predominantly in women in the 4th to 7th decades of life; the combined form is encountered in 40–80% of the patients with TBS and appears as multiple bilateral tumors [2]. Though hamartomas in adults usually do not have growth potential, studies have shown that AMLs may grow and compress surrounding tissue [3, 4]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%