Malignant Lymphoma and Other LymphoproUferative Disorders of the Thyroid Gland. A Clinicopathologic Study of 245 Cases

Abstract

Two hundred and forty-five cases of malignant lymphoma and other lymphoproliferative disorders involving the thyroid gland have been studied. The patients, predominantly elderly women, usually presented with a rapidly enlarging mass in the neck, often with symptoms of tracheal or laryngeal compression. Radioisotopic scanning of the thyroid usually demonstrated a "cold" or "cool" process, and tracheal deviation (as seen by chest roentgenogram) was common. Lymphoma and related processes were nearly always associated with an underlying lymphocytic thyroiditis. The mean length of follow-up was 45 months, and follow-up was obtained in 96% of the cases. An unfavorable prognosis was related to extension of tumor cells outside the capsule of the gland, necrosis of the tumor, blood vessel wall infiltration, diffuse architectural pattern, and cervical lymph node involvement, with or without disease outside the neck. Tumors composed entirely of plasma cells demonstrated little if any tendency toward systemic extension, and those lymphomas with some plasmacytoid differentiation also displayed a more favorable prognosis.

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis And Cancer: A Review

“…This association between PTL and HT has been reported in many studies since the late 1950s, most of which have been based on coexisting lymphoma and thyroiditis [39][40][41][42][43]. Later on in 1985, follow-up studies carried out by Holm et al in Sweden [44] and by Aozasa et al in Japan [70] confirmed the etiologically important role of HT in the development of thyroid lymphoma.…”

“…Although the etiology of malignant lymphomas in general, except for some types of virus associated lymphoid malignancies [32][33][34][35], is still obscure, however, autoimmune diseases have been suggested to be an etiologic factor from the viewpoint of immune disturbances [36]. Associations between antecedent autoimmune diseases (such as Sjogren's syndromes [37] and rheumatoid arthritis [38]) and malignant lymphomas have been reported, as well as the association between thyroid lymphoma and HT [39][40][41][42][43][44].…”

Clinical Characteristics of Primary Thyroid Lymphoma in Koreans

“…Five-year survival rates had a wide range, from 35% to 90% [6,12,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. However, it is difficult to compare these rates because of the use of different classifications, different therapeutic modalities, and different stages or degrees of differentiation.…”

Hodgkin's lymphoma of the thyroid: a clinicopathologic study of five cases and review of the literature

“…[1][2][3] The majority of thyroid lymphomas are nonHodgkin's lymphomas of B-cell origin that arise in the setting of thyroiditis. 2,4,5 Classical Hodgkin's lymphoma is predominantly a nodal-based disease characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells residing in a mixture of non-neoplastic reactive cells.…”