Malignant Nodular Hidradenocarcinoma Arising on the Areola of a Male Patient: Case Report of an “Orphan Disease” and Review of the Literature

Abstract

Herein we describe a rare case of an "orphan" neoplasm arising on an unusual site.During the clinical examination, a mass of 3 cm was found on the left areola of a male patient. It was a solid, sliding on the deep layer, with a bluish color mass; therefore an excisional biopsy was performed. The histopathological diagnosis was nodular malignant hidradenoma. An oncological consulting recommended a surgical radicalization through a radical mastectomy. No adjuvant therapy has been given. The patient is alive with no evidence of disease after one-year follow up.

Malignant Nodular Hidradenoma of the Left Knee: A Malignant Mystery With an Overview of Literature

“…Malignant nodular hidradenomas are a group of aggressive and poorly differentiated eccrine sweat gland tumours that invade surrounding tissue and lymphovascular structures. It has equal male-female distribution and a high local recurrence rate, usually, within the first two years from diagnosis [ 1 ]. While usually involving the head and neck region and the anterior truncal surface, eccrine tumours of the extremities are extremely rare.…”

“…Malignant nodular hidradenoma is a rare eccrine sweat gland neoplasm notable for recurrence, metastasis, and a locally aggressive course, and has an incidence of 0.001% [ 1 ]. Usually involving the head and neck region and the anterior truncal surface, eccrine tumours of the extremities are extremely rare.…”

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“…Sweat gland tumor was first reported in 1865 and its classification however developed in the late 1950s. 5 They comprise <1% of all skin neoplasms with an overall incidence of 6%. 5 The Malignant nodular Hidradenoma is an uncommon malignant cutaneous adnexal tumor that can show differentiation toward various components of eccrine sweat glands.…”

“…5 They comprise <1% of all skin neoplasms with an overall incidence of 6%. 5 The Malignant nodular Hidradenoma is an uncommon malignant cutaneous adnexal tumor that can show differentiation toward various components of eccrine sweat glands. 6 Malignant nodular Hidradenoma usually occur in the sixth decade of life.…”

“…14 A special technique, Mohs micrographic surgery has been reported to have lower recurrence rate. 5 The need for lymph node dissection remains unclear. It is indicated when there are signs of lymph node local invasion; prophylactic dissection otherwise has not yet proved to increase the disease free interval.…”