“…A genetic etiology of NETs has been suggested in that NETs may occur as part of hereditary syndromes, such as multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1; refs. 2, 3), von HippelLindau syndrome (3,4), neurofibromatosis type 1 (5,6), tuberous sclerosis (7)(8)(9), and nonpolyposis colon cancer (10). Of these, MEN-1 syndrome, an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by parathyroid hyperplasia, pituitary adenomas, and pancreatic tumors, is the one in which NETs most frequently occur.…”