Malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumor of the scalp: report of 4 cases and a short review of the literature

Abstract

Malignant proliferating pilar tumors are very rare adnexial lesions that can be confused with other skin neoplasms. The authors present four patients with malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumors located on the scalp. A review of the literature search for malignant proliferating pilar tumors and treatments was performed.

Malignant proliferative ependymoma of the neck with lymph node metastasis: A case report

“…In the context of the neck tumor, differentiation from lymphoma and malignant nerve sheath tumor is imperative. The primary intervention for MPTT entails surgical resection, necessitating extensive local excision of the tumor alongside approximately 1 cm of surrounding normal tissue to achieve a secure margin[ 4 ]. A stringent postoperative follow-up regimen is advisable for MPTT cases.…”

“…PTT predominantly emerges in sun-exposed regions of the body, with the head’s skin being the most frequent site[ 1 , 3 ]. Epidemiologically, this condition predominantly affects middle-aged and older women[ 4 ].…”

Malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumor: a rare neoplasm in a rarer location. Case report and review of the literature

“…MPTTs constitute less than 0.1% of skin cancers (15). The tumor usually appears on the scalp (>90% of cases), mostly affects women, occurring between the fourth and the eighth decade of life (16). Other rare site reported are the breast ( 17) arm (18), neck (19) jaw ( 20) sinuses ( 21) lip ( 22) eyelid ( 23) groin ( 24) orbit (25) and ear (26).…”

“…Fortunately, our patient underwent surgery in the initial phase of the disease, therefore at the follow-up six months after the enlargement of the previous excision, there were no signs of disease, and no further therapy was necessary. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy have been used as adjuvant therapy in aggressive cases or recurrence (16). Patients should be followed closely and examined often to frequently assess recurrence or metastasis.…”

Well-Differentiated Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising within a Proliferating Pilar Tumor

“…1 These are rare entities with less than 100 documented cases in the literature; thus, malignant PPTs represent less than 0.1% of all skin cancers. 1,2 In addition to being rare, malignant PPTs can be particularly challenging to diagnose and are often confused histologically with metastatic or invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). 3,4 We present here a case of well-differentiated, invasive SCC arising within a PPT that was successfully treated with surgical excision.…”