Malignant rhabdoid tumor of the central nervous system

Biggs, Paul J.; Garen, Paul D.; Powers, James M.; Garvin, Jodi

doi:10.1016/s0046-8177(87)80161-2

Cited by 191 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…A highly malignant pediatric tumor, large-cell medulloblastoma, also shows this nuclear feature (29). In addition, various malignancies with a rhabdoid phenotype share the same nuclear appearance (30)(31)(32). The presence of prominent nucleoli is another specific morphological feature of those cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient treatment with epigenetic modifiers yields stable neuroblastoma stem cells resembling aggressive large-cell neuroblastomas

Ikegaki

Shimada

Fox

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are plastic in nature, a characteristic that hampers cancer therapeutics. Neuroblastoma (NB) is a pediatric tumor of neural crest origin, and half of the cases are highly aggressive. By treating NB cell lines [SKNAS, SKNBE(2)C, CHP134, and SY5Y] with epigenetic modifiers for a short time, followed by sphere-forming culture conditions, we have established stem cell-like NB cells that are phenotypically stable for more than a year. These cells are characterized by their high expression of stemness factors, stem cell markers, and open chromatin structure. We referred to these cells as induced CSCs (iCSCs). SKNAS iCSC and SKNBE(2)C iCSC clones (as few as 100 cells) injected s.c. into SCID/Beige mice formed tumors, and in one case, SKNBE(2)C iCSCs metastasized to the adrenal gland, suggesting their increased metastatic potential. SKNAS iCSC xenografts showed the histologic appearance of totally undifferentiated large-cell NBs (LCNs), the most aggressive and deadly form of NB in humans. Immunohistochemical analyses showed that SKNAS iCSC xenografts expressed high levels of the stem cell marker CXCR4, whereas the SKNAS monolayer cell xenografts did not. The patterns of CXCR4 and MYC expression in SKNAS iCSC xenografts resembled those in the LCNs. The xenografts established from the NB iCSCs shared two common features: the LCN phenotype and high-level MYC/MYCN expression. These observations suggest both that NB cells with large and vesicular nuclei, representing their open chromatin structure, are indicative of stem cell-like tumor cells and that epigenetic changes may have contributed to the development of these most malignant NB cells.tumor initiating cells | prominent nucleoli N euroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial pediatric malignancy. Although some NBs are easily treatable, nearly 50% of the tumors exhibit aggressive behavior. The International Neuroblastoma Risk Group Classification is used to classify NB at diagnosis (1). High-risk NBs are associated with older age, advanced stages, unfavorable histologic features, widespread tumor dissemination, and poor long-term survival (1). Current treatment for these NBs includes high-dose chemotherapy or myeloablative cytotoxic therapy with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (2). However, late relapse is often seen despite achieving complete clinical remission. A subset of high-risk NBs, which is refractory to current frontline therapy designed for high-risk NB, is termed ultra-high-risk NB (3, 4).NB is histopathologically defined as neuroblastic tumors with less than 50% Schwannian stromal components. On the basis of the degree of neuronal differentiation, NB is further divided into undifferentiated (UD), poorly differentiated, and differentiating subtypes (5, 6). A unique histological subset of NBs within the UD and poorly differentiated subtypes has also been identified (7,8). These tumors are uniformly composed of large cells with sharply outlined nuclear membranes and one to four prominent nucleoli and are referred...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient treatment with epigenetic modifiers yields stable neuroblastoma stem cells resembling aggressive large-cell neuroblastomas

Ikegaki

Shimada

Fox

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Extrarenal malignant rhabdoid tumors have been proposed to exist at several sites, including soft parts. However, there have been doubts as to the existence of such an entity, because of the lack of clinicopathologic uniformity among the cases (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). Furthermore, the presence of rhabdoid cells has been reported in various types of specific malignant neoplasms, either mesenchymal or epithelial (24 -37).…”

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confidence: 99%

Rhabdoid Features in Leiomyosarcoma of Soft Tissue: With Special Reference to Aggressive Behavior

et al. 2000

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The presence of rhabdoid cells has been reported in various types of malignant neoplasms and has been determined to be a predictor of aggressive behavior of neoplasms regardless of tumor histogenesis. One hundred and thirteen cases of leiomyosarcoma, selected from 1800 soft tissue sarcomas, were reviewed on hematoxylin and eosin sections, and immunohistochemical staining when available, and seven cases with rhabdoid features were retrieved. Clinicopathologic differences were analyzed to compare between cases with rhabdoid features and those without rhabdoid features. In the seven cases with rhabdoid features, two were intra-abdominal, and the others arose in external soft tissues including muscle, subcutis, and cutis. Patient age ranged from 33 to 84 years, three were female, and four were male. Tumor size ranged from 3 to 22 cm. Clinical evidence showed no differences from those cases without rhabdoid features. Histologically, one of the abdominal cases was epithelioid leiomyosarcoma. Two of the 7 cases were better subclassified as pleomorphic leiomyosarcoma, in which rhabdoid cells are diffusely scattered. In cases other than those with pleomorphic leiomyosarcomas, foci of anaplastic areas were observed, and collections of rhabdoid cells were present in those areas. Immunohistochemical examination of the cases confirmed myogenic differentiation, and showed rhabdoid cells being positive for vimentin and desmin in the inclusion bodies, and diffusely so for muscle actin in the cytoplasm. After dividing all the cases of leiomyosarcoma by their location, prognostic analysis was performed. Leiomyosarcoma of external soft tissue with rhabdoid cells showed a tendency for poorer prognoses than cases without rhabdoid features. On the contrary, retroperitoneal cases did not. This study indicates that rhabdoid features are associated with aggressive biological behavior in leiomyosarcoma of the external soft tissue.

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“…В цитоплазме обнаруживается большое количество эозинофильных гранул, которые могут образовывать глыбки, гиалино-вые включения, являющиеся отличительной чертой ЗРО. Для ультраструктуры рабдоидной клетки харак-терно наличие большого количества промежуточных филаментов [12,18,19]. Клетки обычно распола-гаются отдельно и помимо популяции рабдоидных клеток с классическим фенотипом в опухоли могут встречаться эпителиальные, нейроэктодермальные, мезенхимальные и другие виды клеток, поэтому ги-стологическая картина в каждом конкретном случае может варьировать в зависимости от количества пред-ставленных типов полей (рис.…”

Section: диагностика злокачественных рабдоидных опухолейunclassified

“…Окрашивание десмином (маркер мышечных клеток) и SMA (smooth muscle actin, маркер гладкомышечной ткани), а так-же другими маркерами более вариабельно (рис. б, в) [18][19][20][21]. Природа рабдоидных клеток до сих пор не уста-новлена.…”

Section: диагностика злокачественных рабдоидных опухолейunclassified

Malignant rhabdoid tumors of soft tissues in children. Literature review

Телешова¹

2017

Ross. ž. det. gematol. onkol.

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Malignant rhabdoid tumor of the central nervous system

Cited by 191 publications

References 12 publications

Transient treatment with epigenetic modifiers yields stable neuroblastoma stem cells resembling aggressive large-cell neuroblastomas

Transient treatment with epigenetic modifiers yields stable neuroblastoma stem cells resembling aggressive large-cell neuroblastomas

Rhabdoid Features in Leiomyosarcoma of Soft Tissue: With Special Reference to Aggressive Behavior

Malignant rhabdoid tumors of soft tissues in children. Literature review

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