Malnutrition among under-five children in India and strategies for control

Sahu, Swaroop Kumar; Kumar, Senthil; Bhat, B. Vishnu; Premarajan, KC; Sarkar, Sonali; Roy, Gautam; Joseph, Nitin

doi:10.4103/0976-9668.149072

Cited by 119 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…2017; 6(3):e14176. on Indian children, all anthropometric indices indicated an unfavorable position for children in this region (18). The results of most studies conducted in this field represent high levels of chronic malnutrition among children, which is of high concern and should be taken into account.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Malnutrition and Failure to Thrive in Children Under 2 Years of Age in Shahroud, Iran, in 2015

et al. 2017

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Background: Malnutrition and failure to thrive (FTT) is a delay or a halt in children's growth, which leads to serious compilations if it is left untreated. Malnutrition due to its prevalence is the most important nutritional disease in developing countries and has the most prevalence among infants and preschool children. This study aimed at rating and determining the effective factors of malnutrition incidence and growth delay among 0 to 24 months children. Methods: To identify children under 2 years of age, we referred to health centers and health stations in the city of Shahroud (Northeast of Iran) in 2015. Using cluster sampling, 706 children were surveyed. Anthropometric indices with international reference standards were compared. The values obtained for less than 2 standard deviations as stunting, underweight, wasting, and FTT were defined. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software with significance level set at 0.05. Results:The results indicated the existence of malnutrition in the region. Based on the findings, the percentage of underweight, wasting, stunting and ratio of head circumference with age was determined to be 1.7%, 5.4%, 9.5%, and 8.6%, respectively; and considering the category of growth disorder, Type 1, 2, and 3 were, respectively, 1.7%, 5.2% and 3.1%. Factors affecting malnutrition included age, birth weight, birth spacing, and the mother's BMI at child birth. Conclusions: Tracking the status of children with growth disorder and malnutrition, offering appropriate interventions, considering the nutrition status of mothers during pregnancy, and providing appropriate nutritional counseling are of prime importance to attend to this problem.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Malnutrition and Failure to Thrive in Children Under 2 Years of Age in Shahroud, Iran, in 2015

et al. 2017

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“…Following findings were noted in this review, underweight: 39-75%, stunting: 15.4-74%, wasting: 10.6-42.3%. 25 A recent study which was conducted among children in the age group of 3 months to 3 years in 130 districts through demographic and health surveys in 53 countries over a period of 1986 to 2006 found that the variance in the mild underweight has a larger and more robust correlation with child mortality than the variance in severe under-weight. The study also concluded that the prevalence of mild under-weight deserves greater attention than the severe under-weight and also stated it to be a useful signal of changing public health conditions among preschool children in developing countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinico-epidemiological profile of acute respiratory infections and malnutrition in urban and rural population of central India

Jawade

Sukhsohale

Jawade

et al. 2016

Int J Contemp Pediatr

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Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) and Malnutrition in children have tremendous burden on the health care sector of developing nations including India. The intensity with which these conditions are holding grip in the community is indeed a matter of concern and hence developing nations should develop an insight to assess the severity of it has become a necessity.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out in children aged 0-14 years. Children were clinically assessed and diagnosis was made as URTI or LRTI Also anthropometry was performed and accordingly children were divided into categories of no malnutrition (NM), severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) in ‘under 5’ years age children according to WHO guidelines, whereas children aged ‘above 5’ years were categorized as per the IAP guidelines.Results: It was observed that most of the mothers of children were illiterate with inadequate or absent ventilation and use of biomass fuels (chulha) for cooking purpose in households of rural children. The proportion of malnutrition was found to be equal in Under 5 children. In ‘above 5 years’ age study subjects, 52.4% of urban study subjects were normal as compared to 16.7% of rural study subjects.Conclusions: Our study implies that ARI and Malnutrition definitely is more prevalent in the pediatric population. Prevalence of URTI was found to be on a higher side in the rural population and LRTI prevalence was found to be higher in the urban population. Similarly, the prevalence of malnutrition was almost similar in ‘Under 5’ aged children, whereas the prevalence of malnutrition in ‘Above 5’ aged children was higher in the rural population than urban population.

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“…1 It occurs particularly in weaklings and children in the first years of life. It is not only an important cause of childhood morbidity and mortality, but leads also to permanent impairment of physical and possibly, of mental growth of those who survive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment and comparison of nutritional status in children aged 0-5 years based on WHO and IAP growth charts

Santhakumaran

Govindaraj

Thirumalaikumarasamy

2017

Int J Contemp Pediatr

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Background: The problems of malnutrition among under five children can be used to conclude the necessity for nutritional care, surveillance, or appropriate intervention of nutritional programmes in a community. The objective of the present study was to assess the nutritional status in under 5 children and to compare the nutritional status with WHO and IAP Growth curves and to evaluate the relationship of same with variables like literacy, income of parents, order of birth, sex of the child, birth weight and breast feeding.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study was carried out in 1052 children aged under 0-5 years hailing from middle and low socio-economic class of an urban population attended to out-patient department and ward in Government Royapettah Hospital and Anaganwadi centres in and around Royapettah during the period of November 2006 to October 2007. Anthropometric measurements such as weight, height/length, middle arm circumference (MAC) were taken for all the children and all the measurements were plotted in the IAP growth chart, WHO growth chart (Z score - 2006), BMI - WHO standards and compared.Results: Out of 1052 children, majority of the subjects were male children 535 (50.9%). As per IAP guidelines, majority of the children 513 (48.8%) were under normal weight, 5 (0.5%) of them were with very severe malnutrition. According to WHO standards most of the children 623 (59.2%) were under weight and 135 (12.8%) were under severe malnutrition. Positive correlation was observed between the nutritional status of the children with educational and employment status of parents, increasing birth weight and family income. Increasing birth order has a negative influence on nutritional status of the child. Optimally breast fed babies (Exclusively breast fed for 6 months with appropriate complementary feeds thereafter) have better nutritional status.Conclusion: The study concludes that utmost care and attention must be focused on child’s nutrition by giving priority to education for poor community especially for women, creating awareness regarding benefits of early initiation of breastfeeding and limiting family size.

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Malnutrition among under-five children in India and strategies for control

Cited by 119 publications

References 24 publications

Factors Affecting Malnutrition and Failure to Thrive in Children Under 2 Years of Age in Shahroud, Iran, in 2015

Factors Affecting Malnutrition and Failure to Thrive in Children Under 2 Years of Age in Shahroud, Iran, in 2015

Clinico-epidemiological profile of acute respiratory infections and malnutrition in urban and rural population of central India

Assessment and comparison of nutritional status in children aged 0-5 years based on WHO and IAP growth charts

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