Malnutrition screening and diagnosis tools: Implications for practice

House, Mary; Gwaltney, Caitlin

doi:10.1002/ncp.10801

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…However, nutrition screening is far from ideal. Although the importance is already obvious, the practice of nutrition screening and malnutrition diagnosis is lacking (17). Li et al (18) reported that only 0.5% of patients with cancer received nutrition screening at admission, but the prevalence of malnutrition was up to 44.9% actually in the same cohort.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Formulas for Calculating L3 Skeletal Muscle Mass Index and Visceral Fat Area Based on Anthropometric Parameters

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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BackgroundThe anthropometric index is not accurate but shows a great advantage in accessibility. Simple body composition formulas should be investigated before proceeding with the universal nutrition screening.Materials and MethodsClinical data of patients with a malignant tumor of the digestive system were collected. SliceOmatic 5.0 software (TOMOVISION, Canada) was used to analyze abdominal CT images and taken as references. A linear regression analysis was adopted to establish the formula for calculating skeletal muscle index (SMI) and visceral fat area (VFA). In addition, the relweights function was adopted to measure the contribution of each variable.ResultsIn total, 344 patients were divided into the training set and 134 patients into the validation set. The selected formulas were SMI.pre = 0.540 × weight (kg) – 0.559 × height (cm) – 13.877 × sex (male = 1, female = 2) + 123.583, and VFA.pre = 5.146 × weight (kg) – 2.666 × height (cm) + 1.436 × age (year) + 134.096, of which the adjusted R2 were 0.597 and 0.581, respectively. The “weight” explained more than 80% of R2 in the prediction of VFA. In addition, “sex” occupied approximately 40% of R2 in the prediction of SMI. The paired t-test showed no significant difference between the real measured indices and the predicting ones (p = 0.123 for SMI and p = 0.299 for VFA). The logistic regression analysis exhibited similar diagnostic efficacy of the real measured parameters and formulas.ConclusionThe SMI and VFA formulas were developed through basic indices, such as weight, height, sex, and age. According to the contribution of each variable, weight should always be focused on preserving appropriate muscle and adipose tissue.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Formulas for Calculating L3 Skeletal Muscle Mass Index and Visceral Fat Area Based on Anthropometric Parameters

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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“…34 discussion of validated malnutrition screening and diagnosis tools can be found in a review by House and Gwaltney. 35 More recently, literature on nutrition assessment has focused on sarcopenia and its association with perioperative outcomes. Though several clinical definitions for sarcopenia exist, common themes include low muscle mass, low strength, and low physical performance.…”

Section: Perioperative Nutrition Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Still, serum albumin levels are an area of attention for perioperative risk stratification given its association with surgical complications 34 . A detailed discussion of validated malnutrition screening and diagnosis tools can be found in a review by House and Gwaltney 35 …”

Section: Perioperative Nutrition Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perioperative nutrition for gastrointestinal surgery: On the cutting edge

et al. 2023

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Evidence on perioperative nutrition interventions in gastrointestinalsurgery is rapidly evolving. We conducted a narrative review of various aspects of nutrition support, including formula choice and route of administration, as well as duration and timing of nutrition support therapy. Studies have demonstrated that nutrition support is associated with improved clinical outcomes in malnourished patients and those at nutrition risk, emphasizing the importance of nutrition assessment, for which several validated nutrition risk assessment tools exist. The assessment of serum albumin levels has fallen out of favor, as it is an unreliable marker of nutrition status, whereas imaging evidence of sarcopenia has prognostic value and may emerge as a standard component of nutrition assessment. Preoperatively, evidence supports limiting fasting to reduce insulin resistance and improve oral tolerance. Benefits to preoperative carbohydrate loading remain unclear, whereas literature suggests preoperative parenteral nutrition (PN) may reduce postoperative complications in high-risk patients with malnutrition or sarcopenia.Postoperatively, early oral feeding is safe with benefits in time to return of bowel function and reduced hospital stay. There is a signal for potential benefit to early postoperative PN in critically ill patients, though evidence is sparse. There has also been a recent emergence in randomized studies evaluating the use of ω-3 fatty acids, amino acids, and immunonutrition.Meta-analyses have reported favorable outcomes for these supplements, though individual studies are small and with significant methodological limitations and risk of bias, emphasizing the need for high-quality randomized studies to guide clinical practice.

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“…Therefore, rapid assessment and improvement in nutritional status play a vital role in the treatment and prognosis of patients with CVD. 10 Prognostic nutritional index (PNI) is a new nutritional immune inflammation index determined by analyzing the complex linear prediction model of serum albumin level, transferrin, delayed hypersensitivity, and triceps skinfold thickness. 11 PNI has been used to evaluate the nutritional status of patients with various diseases and is easy to calculate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Prognostic Nutrition Index and New York Heart Association Classification in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: A RCSCD-TCM Study

Ma¹,

Liu²,

Liu³

et al. 2022

JIR

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This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between the prognostic nutrition index (PNI) of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and the New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification and the complex relationship between PNI combined body mass index (BMI) and NYHA classification. Methods: The PNI was applied to 17,413 consecutive patients with CHD. Patients were divided into three groups according to PNI: normal nutrition (PNI ≥ 38), moderate malnutrition (35 < PNI < 38), and severe malnutrition (PNI ≤ 35). A total of 2,052 CHD patients with BMI were selected and stratified by combined subgroups of nutritional status and BMI. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between the PNI and NYHA classification and to adjust for confounding factors. Results:The prevalence of malnutrition among the 17,413participants with CHD was 4.2%. Moderate and severe malnutrition were significantly related to NYHA class III and V, and the strongest relationship was observed in NYHA class V (odd ratio [OR]: 6.564; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.043-10.658). Malnourished-underweight patients and malnourished-overweight patients were significantly associated with higher NYHA classification, and malnourished-underweight patients (OR: 8.038; 95% CI: 2.091-30.892) were significantly more than malnourished-overweight patients (OR: 3.580; 95% CI: 1.286-9.966). Conclusion: There were differences in the NYHA classification of CHD patients with different nutritional statuses. The lower the PNI, the worse the NYHA classification of CHD patients. Malnourished-underweight patients had a worse NYHA classification than malnourished-overweight patients.

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Malnutrition screening and diagnosis tools: Implications for practice

Cited by 23 publications

References 46 publications

Development of Formulas for Calculating L3 Skeletal Muscle Mass Index and Visceral Fat Area Based on Anthropometric Parameters

Development of Formulas for Calculating L3 Skeletal Muscle Mass Index and Visceral Fat Area Based on Anthropometric Parameters

Perioperative nutrition for gastrointestinal surgery: On the cutting edge

Relationship Between Prognostic Nutrition Index and New York Heart Association Classification in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: A RCSCD-TCM Study

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