Malondialdehyde-Modified LDL IgG Antibody Levels and Indices of Cardiac Function in Valvular Heart and Coronary Artery Disease Patients

Abstract

Objective: To compare the changes in anti-malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL) IgG levels among patients undergoing off-pump and on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or valvuloplasty. Subjects and Methods: A total of 38, 39 and 34 patients who underwent off-pump CABG, on-pump CABG and valvuloplasty, respectively, were enrolled in this study. Serum anti-MDA-LDL IgG values were measured 24 h before and after the operative procedures and at discharge. Echocardiography was also done before surgery and before discharge. The results were compared with values from 50 healthy controls. Results: In all patients, a reduction in antibody titers was observed post-operatively. However, the decrease was significant only in the off-pump CABG - before surgery: 42.33 (25.83-58.51), after surgery: 30.86 (16.36-51.33) and at discharge: 10.96 (6.82-23.57; p = 0.027). There was a significant positive association between anti-MDA-LDL IgG levels and ejection fraction (r = 0.248, p = 0.036) and a negative association with E/E', a marker of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, in the coronary patients (r = -0.345, p = 0.012), but no significant associations were found in patients with valvular heart disease. Conclusions: Serum anti-MDA-LDL IgG levels were associated with cardiac function indices in coronary patients undergoing CABG.

Measurement and Clinical Significance of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Humans

“…oxLDL may also induce maturation of dendritic cells and regulate the shift from classical (M1) to alternative (M2) macrophage activation and from T helper 1 (Th1) to T helper 2 (Th2) response, suggesting that these could act as a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity, involved in plaque development [ 27 ]. The Th2-induced response could account to the presence of anti-oxLDL antibodies in subjects with T2D and impaired glucose tolerance [ 257 ], as well as to the anti-MDA-LDL IgGs found in serum of patients undergoing off-pump and on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting [ 258 ]. Therefore, oxLDL are not only a marker of oxidative stress but also a pathogenic factor whose values should be evaluated in the context of a global clinical examination.…”