Mammographic patterns as markers for high-risk benign breast disease and incident cancers.

Moskowitz, Myron; Gartside, Peter; McLaughlin, Christopher

doi:10.1148/radiology.134.2.7352202

Cited by 69 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…In two of these reports (Egan & Mosteller, 1977;Egan & McSweeney, 1979) differences in breastcancer incidence according to mammographic pattern in the cohort have been partly obscured by adding to them the prevalence of breast cancer observed at first examination, the latter possibly having been influenced by the referral bias described above. Two cohort studies have not confirmed Wolfe's findings (Moskowitz et al, 1980;Ernster et al, 1980) but in both there was a relatively small number of cases of breast cancer and a short follow-up.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Some studies report the incidence of breast cancer in a cohort of women classified according to their initial mammographic characteristics (Egan & Mosteller, 1977;Egan & McSweeney, 1979;Krook et al, 1978;Krook, 1978;Threatt et al, 1980;Moskowitz et al, 1980;Ernster et al, 1980). In others, the prevalence of breast cancer detected at the first examination within each category of mammographic pattern is described (Egan & Mosteller, 1977;Krook, 1978;Kessler & Fischedick, 1980).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Bias and the association of mammographic parenchymal patterns with breast cancer

Boyd¹,

O’Sullivan²,

Campbell³

et al. 1982

Br J Cancer

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Summary.-We have carried out a case-control study to evaluate the association between Wolfe's mammographic patterns and the risk of breast cancer, and to examine the influence of control selection and the radiologist who read the films upon the results obtained.Mammograms of the non-cancerous breast of 183 women with unilateral breast cancer were compared with mammograms from two age-matched control groups: a group of asymptomatic women attending a screening centre, and a group of symptomatic women referred for the diagnostic evaluation of suspected breast disease. Films were arranged in random sequence and independently classified by 3 radiologists.A strong and statistically significant association was found between mammographic dysplasia and breast cancer when controls from the screening centre were compared to cases, but not when cases were compared to women referred for the diagnostic evaluation of breast disease. This result appears to arise in part because of an association between symptoms of benign breast disease and mammographic dysplasia, and suggests that some previous negative studies of the association of mammographic patterns with breast cancer may have arisen from the inclusion of symptomatic subjects as controls.WTOLFE HAS DESCRIBED) a method of classifying the mammographic appearances of ductal prominence and dysplasia that is reported to identify individuals at different risks for the development of breast cancer (Wolfe, 1976a,b). However, not all subsequent studies of these mammographic patterns by other investigators have confirmed this finding. A review of these studies has revealed several differences in research design and methodology that might explain the conflicting results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bias and the association of mammographic parenchymal patterns with breast cancer

Boyd¹,

O’Sullivan²,

Campbell³

et al. 1982

Br J Cancer

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“…Many studies have assessed the association between mammographic density and histological or cytomorphological breast cancer risk factors, such as carcinoma in situ, atypical hyperplasia, and hyperplasia without atypia [20,26,[30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. Although results from these studies have been mixed, several studies have reported a positive association between mammographic density and these and other proliferative lesions (reviewed in, for example, Boyd et al [21]).…”

Section: Mammographic Density and Histological Breast Cancer Risk Facmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast Density and Breast Cancer Risk: Understanding of Biology and Risk

Pettersson

Tamimi

2014

Curr Epidemiol Rep

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Mammographic density is a strong risk factor for breast cancer, independent of other known risk factors. While a number of hypotheses have been proposed, the biological mechanisms underlying the association between mammographic density and breast cancer remain, however, largely unknown. Understanding these mechanisms may help identify opportunities to reduce mammographic density and ultimately breast cancer risk. We review three major areas of research that may help us better understand the biologic underpinnings of mammographic density: heritability and genetics, breast tissue histology and (molecular) pathology, and experimental studies. We summarize the main consistent findings in the literature and identify key areas for future research.

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“…Nor is the biologic basis of the relationship between increased mammographic density and breast cancer risk completely understood. A number of early studies reported that mammographically dense breasts contained epithelial hyperplasia (18)(19)(20)(21), but this was not consistently found (22)(23)(24). Further, there is no evidence that epithelial proliferation is higher in dense than non-dense areas (25,26).…”

Section: What Does Mammographic Density Represent Biologically?mentioning

confidence: 96%

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Ursin¹,

Qureshi²

2009

Nor J Epidemiol

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We describe mammographic density and how it is associated with breast cancer risk, what mammographic density represents biologically, as well as evidence that it is associated with breast cancer risk factors and is modifiable. Mammographic density has a large unused potential in mammographic screening programs. Currently mammographic density is being used as a biomarker or surrogate endpoint for breast cancer risk in a number of studies, and we discuss the rationale for doing this, as well as the challenges involved. A major challenge is the need for an automated method that can yield an even more precise estimate of the dense areas in the breast. Currently the most widely used methods are various computer-assisted methods. These are reader intensive, but so far the methods that yield the highest estimates for breast cancer risk. Once a robust automated method for assessing mammographic density or breast density is developed, this measure will probably become even more widely used, not just in epidemiology, but also in screening programs and in clinical practice.

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Mammographic patterns as markers for high-risk benign breast disease and incident cancers.

Cited by 69 publications

References 0 publications

Bias and the association of mammographic parenchymal patterns with breast cancer

Bias and the association of mammographic parenchymal patterns with breast cancer

Breast Density and Breast Cancer Risk: Understanding of Biology and Risk

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