Mammoth hunting strategies during the Late Gravettian in Central Europe as determined from case studies of Milovice I (Czech Republic) and Kraków Spadzista (Poland)

Wilczyński, Jarosław; Wojtal, Piotr; Oliva, Martin; Sobczyk, Krzysztof; Haynes, Gary; Klimowicz, Janis; Lengyel, György

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.105919

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It also failed to date systematically cave mammal bone stratigraphies for the last 40,000 years, a time period for which AMS 14 C dating would have been a perfect choice 2 , 3 . Only in recent years has a resurgence of Upper Weichselian megafauna research been seen, with researchers revisiting key localities, often associated with human occupation, and reassessing their dating 4 – 6 . As our understanding of Late Epigravettian human lifestyle, economy and hunting strategy increases, the clearer it becomes that the disappearance of mobile Epigravettian groups from the Carpathian Basin (CB) around 15,200 cal BP is related to changing environmental conditions, such as the rapid disappearance of their main quarry, the reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus ), the decimation of secondary quarries such as the wild horse ( Equus ferus ), not to mention the worsening visibility for hunting in a landscape subject to an increase in forest cover 7 , 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mammal extinction facilitated biome shift and human population change during the last glacial termination in East-Central Europe

Magyari

Gasparik

Major

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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The study of local extinction times, together with the associated environmental and human population changes in the last glacial termination, provides insights into the causes of mega- and microfauna extinctions. In East-Central (EC) Europe, groups of Palaeolithic humans were present throughout the last glacial maximum, but disappeared suddenly around 15,200 cal BP. In this study cave sediment profiles dated using radiocarbon techniques and a large set of mammal bones dated directly by AMS 14C were used to determine local extinction times. These were, in turn, compared to changes in the total megafauna population of EC Europe derived from coprophilous fungi, the Epigravettian population decline, quantitative climate models, pollen and plant macrofossil inferred climate, as well as to biome reconstructions. The results suggest that the population size of large herbivores decreased in the area after 17,700 cal BP, when temperate tree abundance and warm continental steppe cover both increased in the lowlands. Boreal forest expansion started around 16,200 cal BP. Cave sediments show the decline of narrow-headed vole and arctic lemming populations specifically associated with a tundra environment at the same time and the expansion of the common vole, an inhabitant of steppes. The last dated appearance of arctic lemming was at ~ 16,640 cal BP, while that of the narrow-headed vole at ~ 13,340, and the estimated extinction time of woolly mammoth was either at 13,830 (GRIWM) or 15,210 (PHASE), and reindeer at 11,860 (GRIWM) or 12,550 cal BP (PHASE). The population decline of the large herbivore fauna slightly preceded changes in terrestrial vegetation, and likely facilitated it via a reduction in the intensity of grazing and the concomitant accumulation of plant biomass. Furthermore, it is possible to conclude that the Late Epigravettian population had high degree of quarry-fidelity; they left the basin when these mammals vanished.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mammal extinction facilitated biome shift and human population change during the last glacial termination in East-Central Europe

Magyari

Gasparik

Major

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…If our reassessment is correct, typologically similar radiocarbon dated sites in ECE are Kraków Spadzista, Jaksice II, Lubná VI, Trenčianske Bohuslavice, Bodrogkeresztúr, Pilisszántó I Rock-shelter lowest layer, and Szeleta Cave layers 6 and 5 (Wilczyński et al 2015;Lengyel et al 2016;Wilczyński 2016;Lengyel 2018;Wilczyński et al 2019;Wilczyńs-ki et al 2020b). Arka, Hidasnémeti and Sajószentpéter sites are also similar typologically, although these are lacking convincing absolute chronological data (Lengyel 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Thus, the presence of backed blades, Gravette points, backed point, shouldered point, the ventrally truncated Late Gravettian rectangle, rectangle, truncated backed blades, and the Kostienki knife best resembles the Late Gravettian typology (Fig. 6) (Kozłowski 2008;Wilczyński et al 2015;Wilczyński 2016;Wilczyński et al 2019;Wilczyński et al 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ‘Epipalaeolithic’ site Hont–Templomdomb of Northern Hungary revisited

Szegedi,

Lengyel,

Marton

2023

CommArchHung

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This paper presents the results of the typological revision of Hont-Templomdomb site originally published in 1956 as Epipalaeolithic. Our observations contradict the Epipalaeolithic cultural and chronological position of the lithic material, which rather can be affiliated with the Late Gravettian of Eastern Central Europe. Current archaeological data allowed us to conclude that the term ‘Epipalaeolithic’ currently is inappropriate in the Palaeolithic chronological sequence of the Carpathian Basin. This led to considering the possibility of a human population hiatus during GI-1 interstadial and GS-1 stadial phases.

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“…The review of the faunal remains enlarges the known diversity of the subsistence strategies. Activities were focused on hunting and reindeer exploitation in some cases (Moravany-Lopata II, Vlačiky, 2012) and on mammoth exploitation in others (Kufel-Diakowska et al, 2016;Wilczyński et al, 2019). These observations further confirm the heterogeneity in human hunting strategies targeting on the middle to extra-large sized herbivores during the post-Pavlovian period in Central Europe.…”

Section: Trenčianske Stankovce-trenčianska Turná-mníchova Lehota Micr...mentioning

confidence: 75%

The Upper and Final Gravettian in Western Slovakia and Moravia. Different approaches, new questions

Polanská

Hromadová

Sázelová

2021

Quaternary International

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Mammoth hunting strategies during the Late Gravettian in Central Europe as determined from case studies of Milovice I (Czech Republic) and Kraków Spadzista (Poland)

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

Mammal extinction facilitated biome shift and human population change during the last glacial termination in East-Central Europe

Mammal extinction facilitated biome shift and human population change during the last glacial termination in East-Central Europe

The ‘Epipalaeolithic’ site Hont–Templomdomb of Northern Hungary revisited

The Upper and Final Gravettian in Western Slovakia and Moravia. Different approaches, new questions

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