Management and prognosis of massive hemoptysis Recent experience with 120 patients

A prospective evaluation of hemoptysis cases in a tertiary referral hospital

“…Bronchiectasis as an etiology of hemoptysis has been reported in some previous series as having a tendency to decrease because of the widespread use of antituber- culous and other antibiotic agents (3,11). However, this low rate of bronchiectasis as the cause of hemoptysis was not confirmed in our study, as well as in some previous retrospective (5,12,13) and prospective cohorts (9,10,13). Bronchiectasis was probably underdiagnosed in these studies because of the retrospective nature of both studies and the lack of utilization of bronchography and/or HRCT scan (unavailable then).…”

The causes of haemoptysis in Malaysian patients aged over 60 and the diagnostic yield of different investigations

“…1-3 From 1974 to 1995, some authors described a decline in TB (6-7%) and bronchiectasis (0.5-1%) with increasing numbers of carcinoma (19-29%) and bronchitis (23-37%) reported. [4][5][6] However, even in the last decade, regions such as South Africa, 7 Morocco, 8 New York 9 and Israel 6 still found TB (1-73%) and/or bronchiectasis (15-51%) together with carcinoma (5-34%) and bronchitis (0-18%) to be the main reasons for haemoptysis. In patients who were HIV-infected, infection was the leading cause (80% of known causes) and was attributed to bacterial pneumonia and infrequently TB.…”

“…The causes cited in the literature, however, appear to vary with time, geographical regions studied as well as the different investigational modalities utilised. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Regional concern in the Asia-Pacific with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) means that presumptive diagnosis of TB and its empirical treatment is still an acceptable mode of management. 11 This is particularly true for older patients who are perceived to be less fit for interventional investigations.…”

Management of Bleeding in Patients with Advanced Cancer

“…Endoscopic interventions have also been proven to be useful for managing cancer-related hemorrhaging of the upper gastrointestinal tract [40,41], lungs [42][43][44], and bladder [45]. Ethanol [46,47], hyperosmotic saline epinephrine [41], gelatin solutions [48], and sodium tetradecyl sulfate [41] are injected into the site of bleeding.…”