Management of Anxiety for Ambulatory Hallux Valgus Surgery With a Virtual Reality Hypnosis Mask: Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of using virtual reality masks for the management of preoperative anxiety and its impact on postoperative and predischarge anxiety as well as postoperative analgesia during outpatient hallux valgus surgery. Methods: From June 2020 to September 2021, preoperative anxiety of patients scheduled for a percutaneous hallux valgus surgery were analyzed using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaire completed during the consultation. All patients with major anxiety, defined as a STAI score above 40, were included in a randomized prospective comparative single-center study. Sixty patients were included in the study and randomized into 2 arms of 30 patients according to whether or not they underwent a preoperative hypnosis session with a virtual reality mask before surgery. Results: There was an improvement in the postoperative (42.5 vs 45.2, P < .04) and predischarge (25.3 vs 30.2 P < .03) anxiety scores in the group that used the mask before the procedure. There was a notable decrease in immediate higher-level postoperative analgesics such as morphine or ketamine (3.3% vs 26.6%, P < .03) in the arm using the mask. Conclusion: In this study cohort undergoing percutaneous hallux valgus surgery, we found that use of a virtual reality hypnosis mask before surgery modestly reduced postoperative and predischarge anxiety as well as early postoperative consumption of higher-level analgesics in adults with significant preoperative anxiety. Level of Evidence: Level II, prospective cohort study.