Management of Congenital Atresia Ear

Abstract

A total of 3 out of 5 cases of major congenital ear malformation seen in out patient department in two years in 1997 and 1998 were operated for functional reconstruction of external auditory canal, middle ear and ossicular chain. 2 cases of bilateral malformation of auricle grade 2 were advised otoplastic repair prior to tympanoplasty. Out of the 3 cases operated by anterior transatretic bone approach, 2 cases had good hearing improvement in air conduction threshold of up to 30 db hearing level (averages of 0.5,1.2 and 3 khz). One case developed external canal stenosis by six months post operatively and drop in hearing. There was no facial nerve injury in any of the cases. This paper analyses the importance of facial nerve delineation preoperatively based on its embryological development and its relationship with temporal bone and membranous labyrinth. It also focuses on the various parameters like timing of surgery, importance of (CT) scanning, use of facial nerve monitor and surgical expertise and experience which govern the surgical intervention and its results in congenital ear atresia.