Management of Crusted (Norwegian) Scabies

Huffam, Sarah; Currie, Bart J.; Arthur, A.; Boustead, P.

doi:10.1016/s1329-9360(16)30316-9

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The availability of 5% permethrin cream means that community based interventions to control scabies are now possible, provided that there is adequate support for the resources and coordination required. Oral ivermectin is being increasingly used for the treatment of scabies and is currently the drug of choice for those with crusted scabies, 29,30 although multiple doses are often required for severe disease. 26 There may well be a wider role for ivermectin in community based programmes in Australia if the Therapeutic Goods Administration is satisfied with its safety in younger children and females who may become pregnant, based on the increasing international experience, which includes community scabies programmes that are currently being evaluated overseas.…”

Section: Scabiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin infections and infestations in Aboriginal communities in northern Australia

2000

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The most important skin infections in Aboriginal communities in central and northern Australia are scabies and streptococcal pyoderma. Scabies is endemic in many remote Aboriginal communities, with prevalences in children up to 50%. The cycles of scabies transmission underlie much of the pyoderma. Up to 70% of children have skin sores, with group A streptococcus (GAS) the major pathogen. Group A streptococcus is responsible for the continuing outbreaks of post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis and acute rheumatic fever (ARF). The cycles of scabies transmission in dogs and humans do not appear to significantly overlap. Guidelines have been developed for community control of scabies and skin sores and successful community initiated coordinated programmes have occurred. The anthropophilic dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum is ubiquitous in many communities, again reflecting living conditions. Other skin infections related to the tropical environment include melioidosis, nocardiosis, Chromobacterium violaceum and chromoblastomycosis. Sustainable and long-term improvements in scabies, skin sores and GAS-related disease and tinea require fundamental changes that address social and economic inequities and, in particular, living conditions and overcrowding.

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Section: Scabiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin infections and infestations in Aboriginal communities in northern Australia

2000

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“…11,12 Investigations on the efficacy of ivermectin treatment of crusted scabies indicate early recrudescence of disease following a single dose, whereas 3 doses usually result in cure. 13 In 1998, a 5-dose regimen (each at 200 µg/kg of body weight) was, however, introduced at the Royal Darwin Hospital for treatment of crusted scabies because of relapses in up to half of patients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Acaricidal Activity of Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree) Oil

Walton¹,

McKinnon²,

Pizzutto³

et al. 2004

Arch Dermatol

157

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Tea Tree oil (TTO) contains beneficial properties such as antibacterial, antimicrobial, antiviral and anti-fungal. Whereas, the medium chain fatty acids in Virgin Coconut oil (VCO) able to protect hair follicles from heat, restoring hair's moisture and other damage. This paper describes the physical properties of seven hair shampoo formulations containing differing amount of TTO and VCO. The essential oils (TTO) applied in these formulations were extracted from fresh tea trees using steam distillation method and the VCO was produced from fermentation of fresh mature kernel coconut. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was conducted to determine the essential oil components of TTO and fatty acid composition of VCO. The shampoo formulations were subjected to evaluation of several parameters namely organoleptic, pH, viscosity, total solid content, foam stability, and dirt dispersion. The results show that the TTO was composed of terpene hydrocarbons with terpinene-4-ol as the major component; meanwhile lauric acid is major component of VCO. All the shampoo formulations were acid-balanced with pH range between 6.23 -6.43; total solid contents were between 29.92 -35.61%; stable foaming with the same foam volume for 4 minutes and no dirt was observed. Rheological test showed formulation with 6% TTO (0% VCO) has pseudo-plastic behavior and relatively lower total solid content which are desirable attributes in hair shampoo. Overall, TTO-and VCO-containing shampoo formulations showed ideal physicochemical properties for hair cleansing and treatments.

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