Management of Endodontic and Periodontal Lesions: the Role of Regenerative Dentistry and Biomaterials

Abstract

Regenerative dentistry represents a novel interdisciplinary approach involving biomaterials, several molecules and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), preferably derived from oral tissues. The pivotal role of MSCs depends on the fact that they can differentiate into different cell lineages and have the strategic role to release bioactive substances that stimulate the renewal and regeneration of damaged tissues. The role of regenerative dentistry is promising in all the branches of dentistry: the most intriguing application is related to the management of endodontic and periodontal defects, overcoming the surgical approach and the implantology as a consequence of a poorly efficient therapeutic plan.

Comparative Evaluation of Azadirachta indica (Neem) Chip and Soft Tissue Diode Lasers as a Supplement to Phase I Periodontal Therapy in Localized Chronic Moderate Periodontitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

“…Plaque is a major cause of gingivitis which is followed by periodontitis; so, till date, the basic treatment of periodontitis aimed at eliminating supra and subgingival plaque biofilm by mechanical debridement. In addition to this, regenerative methods like the use of autogenous platelet concentrates help to reduce moderate periodontal pocket depths while providing an inclusive treatment plan [ 22 – 24 ]. Oral rinses and irrigation systems are easily employed and commonly used, but the irrigation system is less effective in controlling moderate periodontitis, as the desired concentration of the drug is often not obtained in the periodontal pockets due to inadequate penetration of the drug in moderate periodontal pockets.…”

Healthy aging: when periodontal health matters

“…In this context, the standard treatment is to control the infection, thus preventing local inflammation. This effect can be achieved by removing the plaque by professional supra and subgingival debridement, rigorous home dental care, and correcting bone defects caused by periodontitis by employing periodontal regenerative surgery 131 . Currently, regenerative periodontal therapy is conducted by eliminating pathogens and applying biomaterials.…”

“…Currently, regenerative periodontal therapy is conducted by eliminating pathogens and applying biomaterials. However, recent studies support the usage of Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs), one of the readily available sources of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), positively impacting not only the regeneration of periodontium (via a natural process) but resolving the infection and then inflammation thanks to their immunomodulatory role 131,132 . Therefore, periodontal treatment represents a valid strategy to counteract the adverse effects of the inflammaging triggered by oral dysbiosis.…”

Regenerative endodontic therapy in mature teeth with necrotic pulp and apical periodontitis using two disinfection protocols

“…Nowadays regenerative endodontic therapy (RET) is playing crucial and promising role in treatment of endodontic diseases because the dental pulp complex cells are able to regenerate the damaged tissues to healthy vital tissues [ 1 ]. Firstly, RET was evaluated for the management of immature teeth with necrotic pulp [ 2 – 9 ].…”