Management of epilepsy through indigenous traditional and Western approaches in Africa: A systematic review

Abstract

Background: Reaction to epilepsy management has been described as moulded by traditional beliefs, despite the reported progress of anti-epilepsy medication. In Africa, traditional healers are seen as essential in providing epilepsy care, yet little is known about their epilepsy care.Aim: This manuscript aimed to systematically review and summarise the various indigenous traditional and Western methods of epilepsy management and their effectiveness in Africa.Setting: This study is conducted in Africa.Methods: A systematic review was performed, searching MEDLINE (through PubMed), Google Scholar and ScienceDirect data from 2000 to December 2021. The search strategies used terms and medical subject headings ‘traditional methods’ AND ‘epilepsy’ AND ‘management’ AND ‘Africa’. The bibliography of the included articles was manually searched. Critical Appraisal Skills Programme and systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials tool were used to identify the validity of studies.Results: The search generated 17 927 articles. After screening for titles and abstracts, duplicate entries were removed and full texts of 22 articles were reviewed. After reading full texts, 12 articles met the inclusion criteria. The themes identified from synthesised data were indigenous traditional and Western methods of epilepsy management.Conclusion: Traditional and faith-based healers were perceived to provide frontline care for people living with epilepsy resulting in considerable delays in seeking anti-epilepsy medication initiation. Furthermore, taking anti-epilepsy treatment was not adequately adhered to.Contribution: Findings would contribute to the body of essential information to create awareness and upskill the community that epilepsy is like any medical condition that needs medical care.

It Goes Beyond Anxiety: Experiences of Family Members and Caregivers of Epilepsy Care and Support

“…The challenge of treatment attainment poses a significant obstacle for individuals seeking effective care. [18][19][20] The study participants reported difficulties accessing medication and sometimes experienced its ineffectiveness. Despite these challenges, a majority of participants expressed a preference for Western treatment options over faith-based treatments.…”

Unlocking the hidden burden of epilepsy in Africa: Understanding the challenges and harnessing opportunities for improved care

“…Cultural beliefs may lead to stigmatization and discrimination against people with epilepsy, affecting their quality of life. Moreover, some traditional practices, such as restrictive and dangerous restraint methods, can be harmful and even life‐threatening to people with epilepsy 23 . Therefore, it is critical to raise awareness about the negative impacts of cultural beliefs and practices and promote the adoption of evidence‐based management strategies to ensure safe and effective treatment for people living with epilepsy in Africa.…”