Management of hepatitis C; Report of the Consensus Meeting at the 45th Annual Meeting of the Japan Society of Hepatology (2009)

Izumi, Namiki; Nishiguchi, Shuhei; Hino, Keisuke; Suzuki, Fumitaka; Kumada, Hiromitsu; Itoh, Yoshihito; Asahina, Y.; Tamori, Akihiro; Hiramatsu, Naoki; Hayashi, Norio; Kudo, Masatoshi

doi:10.1111/j.1872-034x.2010.00642.x

Cited by 40 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 175 publications

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“…The most prominent etiological factors associated with HCC include chronic hepatitis B viral (HBV) and/or hepatitis C viral (HCV) infections, chronic alcohol consumption and virtually all cirrhosis‐inducing conditions. In Japan, HCV‐related HCC is responsible for the largest proportion of HCC patients 6,7 . Recently, many Japanese hepatologists have started to pay attention to the fact that the proportion of HCC negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis C antibody (HCVAb), so‐called “non‐B non‐C HCC”, has been rapidly increasing 8,9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characteristics of non‐cancerous liver tissue in non‐B non‐C hepatocellular carcinoma

Utsunomiya¹,

Shimada

2011

Hepatology Research

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Although chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV) are the most important risk factors for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide, the proportion of HCC patients negative for the hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis C antibody, so-called "non-B non-C HCC", is rapidly increasing, especially in Japan. The background liver diseases of non-B non-C HCC patients can be multifactorial, including occult HBV infection and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. It is reasonable to investigate the non-cancerous liver tissues to identify the potential molecular mechanisms responsible for the processes of hepatocarcinogenesis of non-B non-C HCC. However, to date, only a few studies have focused on this research concept based on the idea of "field cancerization". This review highlights the potential importance of the molecular analysis of non-cancerous liver tissues to clarify the molecular characteristics in patients with non-B non-C HCC. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the individual predisposition to non-B non-C HCC will lead to improvements in the prevention, early diagnosis and treatment of this neoplastic disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characteristics of non‐cancerous liver tissue in non‐B non‐C hepatocellular carcinoma

Utsunomiya¹,

Shimada

2011

Hepatology Research

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“…Increased intrahepatic fat is involved in the development of HCC in chronic hepatitis C patients [23, 24]. In addition, diabetes-associated fat disorder [25, 26], hepatic iron overload [27], advanced fibrosis, older age, and fatty deposits in the liver are risk factors for HCC development [4]. Therefore, it is important to establish strategies to mitigate these risk factors to prevent the development of HCC and thus improve the outcomes of hepatitis C patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma by PegIFNα-2a in patients with chronic hepatitis C: a nationwide multicenter cooperative study

et al. 2012

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BackgroundWe investigated whether the administration of maintenance doses of interferon prevented hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis C.MethodsStudy 1: A multicenter, retrospective, cooperative study was carried out to determine whether long-term administration of low-dose peginterferon alpha-2a (PegIFNα-2a) prevented HCC development in patients with chronic hepatitis C. In total, 594 chronic hepatitis C patients without a history of HCC were enrolled and treated with 90 μg PegIFNα-2a administered weekly or bi-weekly for at least 1 year. Study 2: HCC developed in 16 of 99 additional patients without PegIFNα-2a treatment during 3.8 years of observation. A propensity-matched control study was then carried out to compare the incidence of HCC between the 59 patients who received low-dose PegIFNα-2a (PegIFNα-2a group) and 59 patients who did not receive PegIFNα-2a treatment (control group), matched for sex, age, platelet count, and total bilirubin levels.ResultsStudy 1: HCC developed in 49 patients. The risk of HCC was lower in patients with undetectable hepatitis C virus RNA, ≤40 IU/L alanine aminotransferase (ALT), or ≤10 ng/L alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) 24 weeks after the start of therapy. Study 2: The incidence of HCC was significantly lower in the PegIFNα-2a group than in the control group.ConclusionsLow-dose and long-term maintenance administration of PegIFNα-2a decreased the incidence of HCC in patients with normalized ALT and AFP levels at 24 weeks compared with patients without normal ALT and AFP levels.

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“…However, the decision whether or not to treat HCV carriers should be made with the specific clinical setting in mind (28). In addition, it is recommended that serum ALT levels be kept <30 IU/l to prevent the occurrence of HCC (29). If serum C4a levels are an indicator of disease prognosis, HCV carriers with low serum C4a levels may have to be treated despite ALT elevation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Difference in serum complement component C4a levels between hepatitis C virus carriers with persistently normal alanine aminotransferase levels or chronic hepatitis C

Imakiire

Uto

Sato³

et al. 2012

Mol Med Report

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Certain hepatitis C virus (HCV) carriers exhibit persistently normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels (PNALT) (≤30 IU/l) accompanied by normal platelet counts (≥15×104/μl); these individuals show milder disease activity and slower progression to cirrhosis. This study aimed to elucidate the characteristics of HCV carriers with PNALT using serum proteomics. The first group of subjects, who underwent clinical evaluation in the hospital, consisted of 19 HCV carriers with PNALT (PNALT-1) and 20 chronic hepatitis C (CHC-1) patients. The second group of subjects was part of a cohort study on the natural history of liver disease, and included 37 PNALT (PNALT-2) and 30 CHC (CHC-2) patients. Affinity bead-purified serum protein was subjected to matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis. Serum proteomics showed that 6 protein peaks with mass-to-charge ratios ranging from 1,000 to 3,000 differed significantly between the PNALT-1 and CHC-1 groups. Among these peaks, a 1738-m/z peak protein was identified as a fragment of complement component 4 (C4) and correlated significantly with serum C4a concentrations as determined by enzyme immunoassay. Serum C4a levels were also significantly higher in the PNALT-2 group compared to the CHC-2 group and healthy volunteers. Furthermore, in the PNALT-2 group, serum C4a levels negatively correlated with transaminase levels, but not with other biochemical tests, HCV core antigen levels, peripheral blood cell counts or serum hepatic fibrosis markers. This study indicates that host factors such as C4a not only differ between HCV carriers with PNALT and CHC, but that proteomic approaches could also contribute to the elucidation of factors in PNALT as more differences are discovered.

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Management of hepatitis C; Report of the Consensus Meeting at the 45th Annual Meeting of the Japan Society of Hepatology (2009)

Cited by 40 publications

References 175 publications

Molecular characteristics of non‐cancerous liver tissue in non‐B non‐C hepatocellular carcinoma

Molecular characteristics of non‐cancerous liver tissue in non‐B non‐C hepatocellular carcinoma

Inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma by PegIFNα-2a in patients with chronic hepatitis C: a nationwide multicenter cooperative study

Difference in serum complement component C4a levels between hepatitis C virus carriers with persistently normal alanine aminotransferase levels or chronic hepatitis C

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