Management of hepatocellular carcinoma with novel immunotherapeutic agents and prospects for the future

Abstract

The most frequent type of primary liver cancer is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although HCC is not the most frequent cancer, it is characterized by high mortality -the 5-year survival rate is 6,9%. In recent decades there was only one molecule available in treatment (sorafenib). However, in the past few years there have been advances in treatment. Nowadays, new generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors, check point inhibitors and anti-angiogenesis drugs are available. All those studies were analyzed outcome in context of monotherapy or combined therapies. In this review we made an attempt to compare results from different studies. Even though, many studies are undergoing final stages of clinical trials, it seems that combined therapies should be the next step in treatment advances.

Immunotherapeutics and other anticancer agents in the management of advanced gastric cancer

“…In the second line treatment ramucirumab -an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFR) monoclonal antibody may be administered. [6]. Third line treatment may be considered in progression of the disease despite prior therapy.…”