Management of hyperkalemia in children

Abstract

Purpose of review Hyperkalemia is a potentially fatal electrolyte abnormality with no standardized management. The purpose of this review is to provide the knowledge needed for timely and effective management of hyperkalemia in children. It describes the utility of existing and novel therapies. Recent findings Two newer oral potassium binding agents, patiromer sorbitex calcium and sodium zirconium cyclosilicate, have been FDA-approved for the management of hyperkalemia in adults. These newer agents offer hope for improved management, even though their use in pediatric patients requires further exploration. Summary This review highlights the causes and life-threatening effects of hyperkalemia and provides a comprehensive overview of the management of hyperkalemia in both acute and chronic settings along with upcoming treatment strategies.

Unexpected Hyperkalemia During Kawasaki Disease

“…The most common cause of hyperkalemia in children is mechanical haemolysis during difficult blood draws from small veins. Once the possibility of mechanical haemolysis has been ruled out, the first step in investigating the etiology of Unexpected hyperkalemia hyperkalemia should be to check for oral or parenteral potassium intake (6). Secondly, it is important to check whether the patient is taking medication that may increase serum potassium levels.…”