Management of Hypertension in the Digital Era

Abstract

Out-of-office blood pressure measurement is an essential part of diagnosing and managing hypertension. In the era of advanced digital health information technology, the approach to achieving this is shifting from traditional methods (ambulatory and home blood pressure monitoring) to wearable devices and technology. Wearable blood pressure monitors allow frequent blood pressure measurements (ideally continuous beat-by-beat monitoring of blood pressure) with minimal stress on the patient. It is expected that wearable devices will dramatically change the quality of detection and management of hypertension by increasing the number of measurements in different situations, allowing accurate detection of phenotypes that have a negative impact on cardiovascular prognosis, such as masked hypertension and abnormal blood pressure variability. Frequent blood pressure measurements and the addition of new features such as monitoring of environmental conditions allows interpretation of blood pressure data in the context of daily stressors and different situations. This new digital approach to hypertension contributes to anticipation medicine, which refers to strategies designed to identify increasing risk and predict the onset of cardiovascular events based on a series of data collected over time, allowing proactive interventions to reduce risk. To achieve this, further research and validation is required to develop wearable blood pressure monitoring devices that provide the same accuracy as current approaches and can effectively contribute to personalized medicine.

Home Blood Pressure Monitoring: Current Status and New Developments

“…The development and use of wearable BP monitoring devices were recently reviewed in detail. 90 Several wearable devices have been validated using currently accepted clinical standards 91 , 92 and one has also shown good agreement with ABPM. 93 These devices could also provide data on environmental conditions, and may also be useful for detecting arrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation.…”

Sensors for Context-Aware Smart Healthcare: A Security Perspective

“…Among others, accurate blood pressure results can be estimated from the pulse transit time (PTT) measure obtained from the combination of PPG and ECG signals [ 53 , 54 , 55 ]. Many devices, including smartphones, smartwatches, bands and patches have been designed to this aim [ 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 ].…”

From palpation of the pulse to cuff-free methods: evolution of arterial pressure measurement methods

“…В эпоху передовых цифровых информационных технологий в области здравоохранения подход к достижению цели смещается с традиционных методов на портативные устройства и технологии, которые позволяют часто измерять АД с минимальной нагрузкой на пациента [23].…”