Management of<i>Sclerotium rolfsii</i>‐caused stem and pod rots of groundnut—a critical review†

Mehan, V K; Mayee, C. D.; McDonald, D.

doi:10.1080/09670879409371906

Cited by 36 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In China, stem rot occurs in most peanut‐producing areas, with the incidence rate ranging from 10 to 50% and yield losses ranging from 50 to 100% (Chen et al ); In central Vietnam, 5–25% of peanut plants were infected by S. rolfsii (Le et al ). Disastrously, S. rolfsii is very difficult to control, as it has more than 500 plant hosts and produces amounts of sclerotia which overwinter in the soil and causes disease in the following season (Mehan et al ; Le et al ). Sclerotium rolfsii causes serious diseases in peanut and many other plants, until now the control methods are limited or not effective (Mehan et al ; Le et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Disastrously, S. rolfsii is very difficult to control, as it has more than 500 plant hosts and produces amounts of sclerotia which overwinter in the soil and causes disease in the following season (Mehan et al ; Le et al ). Sclerotium rolfsii causes serious diseases in peanut and many other plants, until now the control methods are limited or not effective (Mehan et al ; Le et al ). Few resistant cultivars against S. rolfsii are commercially available (Branch and Breneman ); applying chemical fungicides causes many serious problems such as fungicide residue, pathogen resistance and environmental pollution (Le et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seed‐borne endophytic Bacillus velezensis LHSB1 mediate the biocontrol of peanut stem rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii

et al. 2019

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Aims This study aimed to obtain an antagonistic endophyte against Sclerotium rolfsii from peanut seeds, evaluate the biocontrol efficacy towards peanut stem rot and explore its antifungal mechanism against S. rolfsii. Methods and Results Thirty‐seven endophytic bacteria were isolated from peanut seeds, six of which exhibited stronger antagonistic activities against S. rolfsii (inhibition rate, IR of hyphae growth ≥70%). Strain LHSB1, the strongest antagonistic strain, was identified as Bacillus velezensis. LHSB1 showed 93·8% of radial growth inhibition of S. rolfsii hyphae and exhibited obvious antagonistic activity against another six pathogenic fungi of peanut. Pot experiments showed two different LHSB1 treatments both significantly reduced the disease incidence and severity of stem rot (P < 0·05) compared to the controls, and the biocontrol efficacy reached 62·6–70·8%, significantly higher than that of Carbendazim control (P < 0·05). Further analyses revealed LHSB1 culture filtrate significantly inhibited sclerotia formation and germination, caused the abnormalities and membrane integrity damage of S. rolfsii hyphae, which might be the possible mode of action of LHSB1 against S. rolfsii. Three antifungal lipopeptides bacillomycin A, surfactin A and fengycin A, were detected in LHSB1 culture extracts by UPLC‐ESI‐MS, which could be responsible for the biocontrol activity of LHSB1 against S. rolfsii. Conclusion Our results suggested that the seed‐borne endophytic B. velezensis LHSB1 would be a tremendous potential agent for the biocontrol of peanut stem rot caused by S. rolfsii. Significance and Impact of the Study This comprehensive study provides a candidate endophytic biocontrol strain and reveals its antifungal mechanism against S. rolfsi. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that seed‐borne endophytic B. velezensis was used as the biocontrol agent to control peanut stem rot.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed‐borne endophytic Bacillus velezensis LHSB1 mediate the biocontrol of peanut stem rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii

et al. 2019

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“…Among the soil-borne fungal diseases of groundnut, stem rot, also known as southern blight, southern stem rot, sclerotium rot or white mould caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc., is a disease of economic significance throughout the World (Mehan et al 1994). The pathogen attacks host plant during all growth stages when conditions are favourable (Punja 1985) and yield losses over 25% have been reported (Mayee & Datar 1988).…”

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confidence: 98%

Biological control of stem rot of groundnut (Arachis hypogaeaL.) caused bySclerotium rolfsiiSacc. with actinomycetes

Adhilakshmi

Latha

Paranidharan

et al. 2013

Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection

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A total of 30 isolates of actinomycetes were isolated from the rhizosphere soils of groundnut collected from different parts of Tamil Nadu, India and tested for their inhibitory activity against Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc., the stem rot pathogen of groundnut. Among the various isolates tested in vitro, five isolates (CBE, MDU, PDK, ANR and SA) were found effective in inhibiting the mycelial growth of S. rolfsii in dual culture assay. These isolates were identified as Streptomyces sp. on the basis of standard bacteriological tests and 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence analysis. Groundnut seeds when treated with Streptomyces sp. strains showed significant increases in root length, shoot length and seedling vigour. Talc-based powder formulations of the Streptomyces sp. strains, CBE, MDU and PDK selected on the basis of their in vitro antagonism on dual plate technique and plant-growth promoting activity were prepared and tested for their efficacy in controlling stem rot of groundnut under greenhouse and field conditions. Seed treatment and soil application of Streptomyces sp. strains CBE, MDU and PDK significantly reduced the incidence of stem rot under greenhouse and field conditions. The highest pod yield was recorded in plots treated with Streptomyces sp. strain CBE when compared to other strains.

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“…The disease has a global distribution and causes pod yield losses of 10-25% that can sometimes be up to 80% (Mehan et al, 1994). In addition, oxalic acid produced by S. rolfsii causes blue discolouration and affects the seed quality.…”

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confidence: 99%

Pseudomonas aeruginosa inhibits the plant cell wall degrading enzymes of Sclerotium rolfsii and reduces the severity of groundnut stem rot

et al. 2005

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Three hundred and ninety-three groundnut-associated bacterial strains, applied both as seed treatment and soil amendment, were evaluated for control of stem rot disease (caused by Sclerotium rolfsii) of groundnut in a controlled environment. Twelve strains significantly (P=0.01) reduced the incidence of stem, rot of which groundnut seed endophytes Pseudomonas aeruginosa GSE 18 and GSE 19 reduced the seedling mortality by 54% and 58%, compared to the control. In dual cultures, the 12 biocontrol strains reduced the mycelial growth of S. rolfsii by 32%-74% as compared to the control. Cell-free culture filtrates of P. aeruginosa GSE 18 and GSE 19 inhibited the activity in vitro of the cell wall-degrading enzymes (CWDE) polygalacturonase and cellulase by S. rolfsii up to a maximum of 55% and 50%, respectively, when measured 6 days after inoculation. Pseudomonas aeruginosa GSE 18 and GSE 19 with a known tolerance to thiram, a commonly used seed dressing fungicide, suppressed the growth of S. rolfsii, inhibited the activity of CWDE, and reduced the incidence of stem rot, suggesting the usefulness of these biocontrol strains as components in the integrated management of groundnut stem rot.

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Management ofSclerotium rolfsii‐caused stem and pod rots of groundnut—a critical review†

Cited by 36 publications

References 42 publications

Seed‐borne endophytic Bacillus velezensis LHSB1 mediate the biocontrol of peanut stem rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii

Seed‐borne endophytic Bacillus velezensis LHSB1 mediate the biocontrol of peanut stem rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii

Biological control of stem rot of groundnut (Arachis hypogaeaL.) caused bySclerotium rolfsiiSacc. with actinomycetes

Pseudomonas aeruginosa inhibits the plant cell wall degrading enzymes of Sclerotium rolfsii and reduces the severity of groundnut stem rot

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