“…In total, five studies were from Australia [ 35 , 40 – 43 ], three from India [ 34 , 39 , 44 ], two studies were conducted in the USA [ 36 , 37 ], two in Spain [ 32 , 33 ], one in Canada [ 29 ], one in the UK [ 30 ], one in Italy [ 38 ], and one in Finland [ 31 ]. The types of studies comprised non-randomized clinical trials [ 30 , 33 ], observational studies [ 31 , 34 , 36 , 37 , 39 , 42 – 44 ], pilot intervention studies [ 29 , 32 , 38 ], and cost analysis [ 35 , 40 , 41 ]. Most studies used teledentistry consultations, either live or store and forward [ 29 , 30 , 32 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 40 – 43 ], and other studies used smartphone-based applications like WhatsApp [ 38 , 44 ], the Oncogrid application for oral cancer surveillance [ 34 ], and videographic examination [ 39 ].…”