Management of infectious diarrhoea

Casburn-Jones, Anna C.

doi:10.1136/gut.2003.022103

Cited by 213 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Further research should place more emphasis on the need to make a thorough diagnosis at an individual level, especially in severe-ly ill patients, nosocomially infected patients, those involved in outbreaks or other epidemiologically important occurrences, or the very young or very old (24). Clinical features were identified at mild levels with frequency identified in vomiting whereas patients with bacterial infections showed more severe symptoms in comparison to other patients (25,26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on the Epidemiology and Aetiology of Acute Gastroenteritis in Adult Patients Presenting at the Infectious Diseases Hospital in Tirana, Albania

Stroni¹,

Dhimolea²,

Pipero³

et al. 2014

Balkan Med J

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Background: Acute gastroenteritis remains a common cause of hospital emergency room visits in Albania. However, the aetiology of severe gastroenteritis leading to hospitalization in adults frequently remains unclear. Aims: Our objective was to study the epidemiology and causes of community-acquired, acute gastroenteritis in adult patients presenting to hospital. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Methods: A prospective study was conducted from January 2010 to January 2012, among patients ≥15 years old with community-acquired gastroenteritis presenting to the emergency room of the University Hospital "Mother Theresa" in Tirana, Albania. Stool samples and rectal swabs were collected from the patients for microbiological testing. Results: The median age of the study patients was 33 (15-88) years and 577 (58%) were females. The median age of males was 35 (15-87)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on the Epidemiology and Aetiology of Acute Gastroenteritis in Adult Patients Presenting at the Infectious Diseases Hospital in Tirana, Albania

Stroni¹,

Dhimolea²,

Pipero³

et al. 2014

Balkan Med J

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“…Normal stools are usually solid because the small intestine and colon are highly efficient in absorbing nutrients, fluid and salts from the liquid, upper gut contents [1]. Diarrhoea occurs when these processes are impaired [2,3] typically due to increased intestinal secretion of fluid and electrolytes, predominantly in the small intestine; and decreased absorption of fluid, electrolytes, and more rarely of nutrients that can involve the small and large intestines. It can be acute (short-term) or chronic (long-term) if symptoms persist more than three weeks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gelatine Tannate for the Treatment of Acute Diarrhoea in Adults

Allegrini¹

2012

J Gastrointest Digest Sys

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Gelatine tannate has been recently licensed as a medical device for the treatment of acute diarrhoea. Gelatine tannate is thought to act locally on the gut wall by forming a protective protein-based film and allowing the precipitation of pro-inflammatory mucoproteins from the intestinal mucus responsible for local inflammation, and subsequently eliminated through the faeces. In order to assess safety and efficacy of gelatine tannate, one randomised, parallel, double-blinded and placebo-controlled study was conducted by general practitioners in 40 adult patients diagnosed with acute diarrhoea (test formulation: capsules containing 500 mg of gelatine tannate).Safety was evaluated by monitoring adverse events (frequency, intensity and relation of adverse events to the administered treatments), laboratory parameters and vital signs between the pre-and post-study visits (primary study endpoints). Efficacy was evaluated in terms of mean decrease of both the daily frequency of watery stools (Stool Decrease Index, SDI) and the severity of the abdominal pain assessed using a 100-mm visual analogue scale (Pain Decrease Index, PDI). Statistical analyses were performed according to the principles of intention-to-treat and perprotocol.

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“…31,32 It remains to be established whether this mechanism contributes to the refractory response to oral rehydration therapy in patients with severe diarrhea. 33,34 Taken together, these studies suggest that, unlike other diarrheagenic pathogens, such as Vibrio cholera, that promote active enterocyte Cl À secretion, 17 EPEC creates an imbalance in the electroneutral Na þ /Cl À exchange across the plasma membrane, which reduces water absorption and contributes to the establishment of diarrhea.…”

Section: Espg Espg2mentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of epithelial malfunction in the pathogenesis of enteropathogenic E. coli-induced diarrhea

Lapointe

O'Connor

Buret

2009

Laboratory Investigation

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The homeostatic balance of the gastrointestinal tract relies on a single layer of epithelial cells, which assumes both digestive and protective functions. Enteric pathogens, including enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), have evolved numerous mechanisms to disrupt basic intestinal epithelial functions, promoting the development of gastrointestinal disorders. Despite its non-invasive nature, EPEC inflicts severe damage to the intestinal mucosa, including the dysregulation of water and solute transport and the disruption of epithelial barrier structure and function. Despite the high prevalence and morbidity of disease caused by EPEC infections, the etiology of its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. This review integrates the newest findings on EPEC-epithelial interactions with established mechanisms of disease in an attempt to give a comprehensive understanding of the cellular processes whereby this common pathogen may cause diarrheal illness.

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Management of infectious diarrhoea

Cited by 213 publications

References 77 publications

A Study on the Epidemiology and Aetiology of Acute Gastroenteritis in Adult Patients Presenting at the Infectious Diseases Hospital in Tirana, Albania

A Study on the Epidemiology and Aetiology of Acute Gastroenteritis in Adult Patients Presenting at the Infectious Diseases Hospital in Tirana, Albania

Gelatine Tannate for the Treatment of Acute Diarrhoea in Adults

The role of epithelial malfunction in the pathogenesis of enteropathogenic E. coli-induced diarrhea

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