Management of insect pests in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under different planting dates and mechanical support

Abstract

during the Rabi Season 2013-14 to study the effects of different planting dates and mechanical support for the management of insect pests in tomato. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications consisted of nine treatments. Significant variations were found among the treatment. At early fruiting stage of tomato in number and weight basis, the highest percentage of infested fruit (10.65% and 10.99%) was recorded in T7 treatment, while the lowest (2.67% and 4.35%) in T5 treatment. At mid fruiting stage of tomato in number and weight basis, the highest percentage of infested fruit (11.92% and 12.62%) was recorded in T7 treatment, while the lowest (3.13% and 4.50%) in T5 treatment. At late fruiting stage of tomato in number and weight basis, the highest percentage of infested fruit (10.15% and 10.66%) was recorded in T7 treatment, whereas the lowest (2.22% and 4.21%) in T5 treatment. At total fruiting stage of tomato in number and weight basis, the highest percentage of infested fruit (10.93% and 11.43%) was recorded in T7 treatment, whereas the lowest (2.66% and 4.35%) in T5 treatment. The highest fruit yield (55.91 t ha-1) was recorded in T5, whereas the lowest yield (45.39 t ha-1) in T7 treatment. Planting at 10 December with the method of Horizontal mechanical support was more effective for reduction of insect pest of tomato and also for highest yield.

Development of a nanocomposite of polypropylene with biocide action from silver nanoparticles

“…Both showed bright spots attributed to the presence of AgNPs. The EDS elemental analysis confirmed the presence of silver [Figure (B‐2,C‐2)] by presence of the peak around 3.40 keV, which represented energy bands of AgL state …”

“…The EDS elemental analysis confirmed the presence of silver [ Figure 2(B-2,C-2)] by presence of the peak around 3.40 keV, which represented energy bands of AgL state. [39][40][41][42][43] SEM images indicate the presence of AgNPs on the surface of the PP films that favored the action (by physical contact) of nanosilver in the bactericidal assay, mainly in the sample shown in Figure 2(C-1).…”

Effect of Transplanting Dates and Varieties on the Vegetative Growth, Yield, and Yield Components of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

“…Transplanting date and variety had significantly impact on the vegetative growth, yield and yield components of tomato. Transplanting dates influenced plant height, fruit yield, total yield, diseases, and pest infestation [20,21]. Tomato growth and yield were influenced by environmental conditions (humidity, soil moisture) and plant genetic materials as reported by [22].…”

“…Transplanting date manipulation affects the diversity and abundance of different insect pests; therefore, it is considered as one of the crucial factors for reducing the infestation by insect pests to get optimum yield in tomato [20,30].…”

“…The infestation by early blight, fruit borer, and tomato leaf curl virus was high at transplanting date 18 th January. A study conducted by Afreen et al [20], they observed that transplanting tomato in 10 th December was effective in controlling insect pest' infestation and increasing fruit yield. Waluniba and Ao [31] also reported that tomato transplanted in 4…”