Management of iris melanomas with 125 iodine plaque radiotherapy

Abstract

Purpose The experience with 125Iodine (I125) plaque brachytherapy in the treatment of IM at the Princess Margaret Hospital/University Health Network is the subject of the report to follow. Methods All cases of IM submitted to I125 plaque radiotherapy were included. Patients' demographic, clinical, management, and follow‐up data were reviewed. Outcome measures included rates of tumor control, eye preservation, systemic metastases, and brachytherapy‐related complications. Results Fourteen IMs were included in the study. All patients had blue/green irises. Mean largest basal dimension and thickness were 7.1 +/‐ 2.1 mm (range, 4.0 to 11.5 mm) and 2.2 +/‐ 0.8 mm (range, 1.0 to 3.5 mm), respectively. Ten patients (71%) had seeding and 2 (14%) had glaucoma at presentation. Median follow‐up was 26.6 +/‐ 19.5 months (range, 6 to 72 months). Tumor control was achieved in 100% of the cases and no eye was enucleated because of radiation‐induced complications. At last visit, all patients were alive and free of metastasis. Final visual acuity was the same as or better than before treatment in 9 patients (75%). Cataract was the most common complication (8; 75%), followed by persistent glaucoma (2; 17%) and anterior uveitis (1; 8%). No other significant complication was seen during the follow‐up period. Conclusion Plaque radiotherapy is a safe and effective conservative treatment option for IM, although cataract is a common, yet treatable, complication. This treatment scheme circumvents an intraocular procedure and may avoid the dissemination of malignant cells, and provides a margin of safety in the treatment of clinically undetectable disease.

Ruthenium plaque radiation therapy for iris and iridociliary melanomas

“…(Arensten & Green 1975;Shields et al 1995Shields et al , 2003Naumann & Rummelt 1996;Finger 2001;Damato et al 2005;Fernandes et al 2009). Plaque radiation therapy,…”

“…Treatment modalities for iris and iridociliary body melanomas are iridectomy, iridocyclectomy, proton beam irradiation, plaque radiation therapy and enucleation. (Arensten & Green 1975;Shields et al 1995Shields et al , 2003Naumann & Rummelt 1996;Finger 2001;Damato et al 2005;Fernandes et al 2009). Plaque radiation therapy, Ruthenium plaque radiation therapy for iris and iridociliary melanomas initially introduced for posterior uveal melanoma in 1960s, had until recently not been used for anterior uveal melanoma in view of potential risks of radiation on the cornea and lens.…”