Management of Iron and Aluminium Toxicity in  Acid Sulphate Soils of Kuttanad

Ebimol, N.L.; Suresh, P. R.; Binitha, N.K.; Santhi, G.

doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2017.611.177

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This adaptive response is indirectly induced by these two parameters; when the pH or conductivity of the soil is too low or too high, the availability of nutrients can be reduced, and the roots may have difficulty absorbing them. For example, if the soil pH is too low, aluminum, manganese, and iron may become toxic to the plant (Ebimol et al, 2017), and if the soil pH is too high, phosphorus and zinc may become less available (Amanullah et al, 2020). Additionally, soil pH can affect the activity of certain enzymes which are essential for root growth and metabolism (e.g., dehydrogenases, catalase, and acid phosphatases) (Wojew odzki et al, 2022).…”

Section: Root Elongation Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the importance of root architecture plasticity in plant adaptation to environmental constraints

Amrani

2023

Plant Species Biology

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Plants, as immobile organisms, depend on their roots to access soil resources efficiently and cost‐effectively. To achieve this goal, maximize productivity, and adapt to variable challenging conditions, plants rely on root phenotypic plasticity. This includes changes in root morphology, growth angles, diameter, elongation, branching density, and turnover rate. In simple terms, a plant root system is a dynamic structure that can change its branching structure in response to changes in biotic and abiotic conditions such as water availability, soil mineral nutrient content, soil compaction, salinity, and the formation of symbiotic relationships with other organisms or anchored in the substrate. However, the complexity of these responses and their impact on plant fitness are not well understood. In this paper, we review different aspects of the morphological plasticity of the root system. The results show that root flexibility can greatly support plant adaptation and control the nature of plant–plant interactions within the population. Thus, gaining a comprehensive understanding of root plasticity can lead to improved and sustainable plant production. We discuss the morphological plasticity of plant root systems in response to various biotic and abiotic factors, such as water availability, soil nutrient content, compaction, salinity, plant–plant interactions, and interactions with soil microorganisms. The aspects examined include root morphology, growth angles, diameter, elongation, branching density, and turnover rate. These parameters are crucial in determining how plants adapt to changes in their environment and optimize their growth and productivity.

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Section: Root Elongation Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the importance of root architecture plasticity in plant adaptation to environmental constraints

Amrani

2023

Plant Species Biology

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“…Soil amendments of various types depending upon availability and effectiveness could increase the soil pH and later favour crop growth and development [29]. Chemical soil amendments, such as lime, dolomite, rock phosphate, basalt, slag, etc., are commonly used [97].…”

Section: Chemical and Engineering Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these swamps, pyrite formation is favoured as the deposition and build-up of sediments are slow. Apart from high salinity, the productivity of acid sulphate soils is restricted due to the toxicities of iron, manganese, and aluminium and the deficiencies of phosphorus and calcium [29]. Soil acidification is caused both by the abiotic and microbial oxidation of Brackish and saline mangrove swamps are found near the tidal creeks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Problems, Management, and Prospects of Acid Sulphate Soils in the Ganges Delta

2022

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Soil is a finite natural resource and is indispensable for human civilization because it is the medium for food production for the biosphere. Continued soil degradation is a forerunner of catastrophe for the living world. The protection of healthy soils and the restoration of problem soils are strongly needed in the current agricultural scenario as competition for urbanization and other human needs for land resources limits the scope for the further availability of land for agriculture. Naturally occurring degraded soils, such as acid sulphate soils, can be restored with scientific interventions and advanced management strategies. The Ganges Delta is a densely populated region, where the inhabitants’ major livelihood is agriculture. Soil acidity and salinity restrict crop performance in this coastal region, particularly the acid sulphate soils (ASSs) posing a risk to agriculture. ASSs are developed from land-use changes from mangrove forest to agricultural land in this region. There is no systematic study on these soil types covering Bangladesh and India. This paper unfolds several aspects related to the characteristics, problems, and detailed management strategies of ASSs relevant to the Gangetic Delta region where these soils continue to be used for intensive agriculture to meet the livelihood needs. Crop yields are very poor in the unmanaged ASSs due to a very low soil pH (<3.5), hampering the growth and development of crops due to nutrient deficiencies and/or toxicities, coupled with soil salinity. There is toxicity of water-soluble Fe, Al, and Mn. The phosphorus nutrition of crops in these soils is affected owing to a high soil P fixation capacity. A deficiency of micronutrients, such as Zn and Cu, was also observed; however, K availability is variable in the soil. The soil acidity is a general problem throughout the soil profile; however, extreme acidity (pH < 3.5) in particular soil horizons is a typical soil characteristic, which creates problems for its efficient management. Specific operations, such as the selective use of soil layers with good properties for crop root growth, major and minor nutrient applications, and soil amendments, including green manuring, application of biofertilizers, and soil microbes, are gradually improving the properties of these soils and bringing back the potential for good crop production. Scientific water/drainage management is needed to gain an agronomic advantage. Evidence of increased crop yields in these soils observed from green manuring, lime, basic slag, and rock phosphate application are presented.

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“…Soils of Kuttanad differed in the quantity of sesquioxides they contain indicating that the parent material for the genesis of soils have undergone varied degree of weathering (Shaw and West, 2017). The maintenance of an acidic soil reaction might have triggered the distribution of more Fe and Al (Ebimol et al, 2017) to the soil which in turn reflected on sesquioxides.…”

Section: Elemental Oxides In Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoride contamination in wetlands of Kuttanad, India: Predisposing edaphic factors

Roshni¹,

Harikumar²

2021

Eurasian Journal of Soil Science (Ejss)

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Article InfoFluoride contamination has now become an emerging concern in agroecosystems. A diagnostic survey was conducted across the fluoride (F -) contaminated wetlands of Kuttanad, India with an aim to examine the influence of edaphic factors on Fconcentration in soils. The soils (Inceptisols) predominantly sandy had a substantial percentage of clay and the soil characteristics such as bulk density (BD), moisture, temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), cation exchange capacity (CEC) and organic carbon (OC) varied with soils. Similarly, the soil nutrients (NPK) and the oxides of Fe and Al as well as total sesquioxide differed with soils. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the first two components (PC1 and PC2) significantly explained the variability existed in the data while the third component (PC3) did not explain any variation compared to the first two components. PC1, PC2 and PC3 accounted for 52.2%, 12.7% and 11.3% of the variation in the profiles respectively. Out of soil samples, 53% had a similar distribution of soil characteristics and Fconcentration and are grouped together in PC1 while, the remaining 47% of the samples had a similar distribution of characteristics and are grouped together in PC2. Among the soil characteristics examined, silt content, pH, EC, CEC, OC, N and P had a significant (P<0.001) positive association along PC1 indicating that these factors are contributing to the augmentation of Fconcentration in the wetlands of Kuttanad.

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Management of Iron and Aluminium Toxicity in Acid Sulphate Soils of Kuttanad

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Exploring the importance of root architecture plasticity in plant adaptation to environmental constraints

Exploring the importance of root architecture plasticity in plant adaptation to environmental constraints

Problems, Management, and Prospects of Acid Sulphate Soils in the Ganges Delta

Fluoride contamination in wetlands of Kuttanad, India: Predisposing edaphic factors

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