Management of locally advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a narrative review

Abstract

Background: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is an aggressive primary hepatic malignancy, which has increased in incidence over the past decades. While surgical resection is the standard of care for patients with early-staged disease, many patients present with locally advanced and unresectable tumors. Given the importance of locoregional control and the potential for downstaging to resectability, knowledge of advances in the management of locally advanced ICC is critical for optimizing outcomes.Methods and Objective: This is a narrative review providing an up-to-date summary of the current literature regarding contemporary management of locally advanced ICC including systemic and liverdirected therapies.

The conditional recurrence-free survival after R0 hepatectomy for locally advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A competing risk analysis based on inflammation-nutritional status

“…Nowadays, the most optimal treatment for ICC is surgical resection. Due to the poor prognoses of patients who are unsuitable for surgical treatment, some researchers and guidelines have attempted to expand the indications for surgery in locally advanced ICC [ 17 , [24] , [25] ]. In comparison to palliative chemotherapy, hepatectomy was correlated to a more favorable long-term outcome for locally advanced ICC (3-year OS rate: 40.8 % VS. 5.5 %, P = 0.007) [ 7 ].…”