Management of Meloidogyne incognita infecting eggplant by ginger and clove grinded seeds singly integrated with two bio-agents under greenhouse conditions

Abstract

A greenhouse experiment was conducted to assess the potential of ginger and clove grinded seeds singly or integrated with two bioagents namely bio-arc (Bacillus megaterium), bio-zed (Trichoderma album), under the stress of Meloidogyne incognita infecting eggplants cv. Black king Japanese (27±5 •C). Results indicated that integration of two components of such bio-agents gave better results in eggplant growth parameters than did single ones or dual in concomitant with bio-arc and bio-zed and oxamyl induced significant (P ≤ 0.05) and maximum improvement in total plant fresh weight and shoot dry weight. The greatest suppression in nematodes population (95.7%), root galling (83.0%), and number of egg masses (100%) was also sustained at the soil amended with ginger +clove + bio-arc + bio-zed+ oxamyl since incorporation of such organic materials into soil might enhance B. megaterium and Trichoderma album activity that initiates antibiotics towards nematode population. Meanwhile, the dual applications of (Ginger+ bio-arc) surpassed other applications in percentage increase values of N, P, and K as well as total chlorophyll that averaged 70.56, 83.25, 95.45, and 85.73 %, respectively, followed by the dual application with two compositae pants (Clove+ bio-zed)