Management of Midface Maxillofacial Trauma

Trauma of the midface

“…Independent from the severity and the fracture type, the basis of successful therapy of midfacial fractures is the restoration of the supporting pillar of the midface, the bony prominences, the bone cavities (e.g. orbit), and correct occlusion [ 12 ], [ 13 ], [ 14 ]. Definitive surgical therapy aims at an exact three-dimensional reconstruction of the skeletal structures in order to restore the face with its original width, height, and sagittal projection [ 13 ].…”

A Review of Hard Palate Fracture Repair Techniques

“…However, the palatine process of the maxilla, or hard palate, is an exception to this due to its thick and sturdy bone stock. There are only a few published series specifically evaluating the treatment of palatal fractures in isolation, as these injuries are often studied in the context of Le Fort fractures or, more generally, "midface trauma" 2,3,4 . It is difficult to estimate the incidence of this relatively uncommon fracture type for these reasons.…”

Impact of midface and upper face fracture on bite force, mandibular mobility, and electromyographic activity

“…The management and surgical treatment of facial fracture remains a mainstay of the maxillofacial surgery speciality and can present challenges for the surgeon. [1][2][3] The craniofacial skeleton has an important role in the functions of chewing, speech, sight, smell, breathing, and aesthetics and is fundamental in interpersonal recognition and the perception of self-image. 2,4 Various factors influence chewing efficiency, such as bite force, dental occlusion, mandibular movements, and tongue and saliva activity.…”

“…[1][2][3] The craniofacial skeleton has an important role in the functions of chewing, speech, sight, smell, breathing, and aesthetics and is fundamental in interpersonal recognition and the perception of self-image. 2,4 Various factors influence chewing efficiency, such as bite force, dental occlusion, mandibular movements, and tongue and saliva activity. 5,6 Skeletal muscles are able to change their morphology as a result of functional demands; therefore all tissues that form part of the stomatognathic system influence the functional demands of the masticatory muscles -the supporting skeletal geometry, soft tissue attachments, and muscle fascia.…”