MANAGEMENT OF OSTEOMYELITIS CAUSED BYSALMONELLA ENTERICASUBSP.HOUTENAEIN A TAYLOR'S CANTIL (AGKISTRODON BILINEATUS TAYLORI) USING AMIKACIN DELIVERED VIA OSMOTIC PUMP

Clancy, Meredith M.; Newton, Alisa L.; Sykes, John M.

doi:10.1638/2015-0207.1

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The other major serovars found in humans are commonly associated with human infections, except for 43:z 4 ,z 32 :- ( houtenae subspecies). To our knowledge, this serovar was recovered in one case of osteomyelitis in a Taylor’s cantil pit viper but has not been isolated in humans[23]. As these unusual serovars were not (43:z 4 ,z 32 :-) or rarely (Panama and Arechavaleta) found in the warm-blooded animals sampled, we investigated a reptilian source of contamination in order to identify their reservoir.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reptiles in Guadeloupe (French West Indies) are a reservoir of major human Salmonella enterica serovars

Guyomard-Rabenirina¹,

Weill²,

Hello³

et al. 2019

PLoS ONE

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The epidemiology of human Salmonella enterica infections in Guadeloupe (French West Indies) appears to be specific, with a higher prevalence of the subspecies enterica serovars Panama and Arechavaleta (Panama and Arechavaleta) than in other regions. A study was performed in Guadeloupe to identify the reservoir of Salmonella serovars by comparing their distribution in warm- and cold-blooded animals and in humans living in Guadeloupe and mainland France. Furthermore, a case–control study was conducted in 2012–2013 to identify the main epidemiologic risk factors for S . enterica infection among children under 15 years of age. Between June 2011 and December 2014, feces from 426 reptiles (322 anoles, 69 iguanas and 35 geckos) and 50 frogs distributed throughout Guadeloupe and nearby islands were investigated. The frequency of S . enterica carriage was 15.0% (n = 64) in reptiles but varied by species. The only significant risk factor for S . enterica infection was a more frequent presence of frogs in the houses of cases than in those of controls ( P = 0.042); however, isolates were not collected. Panama and Arechavaleta were the two serovars most often recovered between 2005 and 2014 from humans living in Guadeloupe (24.5% (n = 174) and 11.5% (n = 82), respectively), which is in contrast to the low prevalence in mainland France (0.4%). Their presence at low frequencies in wild reptiles (4.6% (n = 3) and 3.1% (n = 2), respectively) and pigs (7.5% (n = 5) and 1.5% (n = 1), respectively) suggests a broad host range, and humans may be infected by indirect or direct contact with animals. These serovars are probably poorly adapted to humans and therefore cause more severe infections. The unusual subspecies houtenae serovar 43: z4,z32 :- was a major subspecies in wild reptiles (24.6%, n = 16) and humans (9.4%, n = 67) but was not recovered from warm-blooded animals, suggesting that reptiles plays a key role in human infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reptiles in Guadeloupe (French West Indies) are a reservoir of major human Salmonella enterica serovars

Guyomard-Rabenirina¹,

Weill²,

Hello³

et al. 2019

PLoS ONE

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“…[21][22][23] The major serovar 43:z4,z32:-(houtenae subspecies) in our study is also exotic. It was recovered in one case of osteomyelitis in a Taylor's cantil pit viper 24 but never in humans. The other serovars have commonly been associated with human infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salmonella enterica serovars Panama and Arechavaleta: Risk Factors for Invasive Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Disease in Guadeloupe, French West Indies

Guyomard-Rabenirina

Muanza²,

Bastian

et al. 2018

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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A retrospective study was conducted to identify the risk factors associated with bacteremia in infants and children in Guadeloupe, French West Indies. The 171 patients with infection seen between 2010 and 2014 included 155 (90.6%) with acute gastroenteritis, of whom 42 (27.1%) had concomitant bacteremia, and 16 (9.4%) with primary bacteremia. Most cases (97.7%) were in infants and children with no underlying health condition. Two subspecies were recovered: ( = 161, 94.2%) and ( = 10, 5.8%). All but one (serovar Typhi) were non-typhoidal . The most common serovars were Panama ( = 57, 33.3% of isolates) and Arechavaleta ( = 28, 16.4%). Univariate analysis showed a strong association only between age > 6 months and infection with the Panama or Arechavaleta serovar ( = 0.002). The rate of resistance to all classes of antibiotics during the study period was low (< 15%); however, the detection of one extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing strain highlights the need for continued monitoring of antimicrobial drug susceptibility. Infection with Panama ( < 0.001) or Arechavaleta ( < 0.001) serovar was significantly associated with bacteremia in a multivariate analysis. These serovars are probably poorly adapted to humans or are more virulent. A delay between onset of symptoms and hospital admission > 5 days ( = 0.01), vomiting ( = 0.001), and increased respiratory rate ( = 0.001) contributed independently to bacteremia in the multivariate analysis. Thus, if non-typhoidal infection is suspected, blood should be cultured and antibiotic treatment initiated in all patients who meet these criteria.

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“…Vertebral osteomyelitis in snakes has been associated with Enterococcus spp., Salmonella spp., Morganella morganii , Klebsiella spp., Streptococcus spp., and Providencia spp. infection, with the Salmonella enterica subgroup arizonae being most commonly identified as causative pathogens (Kiel, 1977; Isaza et al ., 2000; Ramsay et al ., 2002; Schröter et al ., 2005; Grupka et al ., 2006; Kramer, 2006; Bemis et al ., 2007; de Souza et al ., 2014; Clancy et al ., 2016; Simard et al ., 2020; Rothschild, 2021). In lizards, vertebral osteomyelitis has been associated with Clostridium bacteremia in a monitor ( Varanus rudicollis ) (D'Agostino et al ., 2006) and Mycoplasma iguana has been cultured from vertebral abscesses in green iguanas ( Iguana iguana ) (Brown et al ., 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertebral Osteomyelitis in a Black Spiny-Tailed Iguana (Ctenosaura similis) and a Red Tegu (Salvator rufescens)

Vilanova

Caelenberg

Pontes

et al. 2023

Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery

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The present report describes the clinical, gross pathologic and radiologic features of vertebral osteomyelitis in a black spiny-tailed iguana (Ctenosaura similis) and a red tegu (Salvator refuscens). Both lizards were presented with hind limb ataxia and proprioception deficits and based on radiographic and computed tomographic imaging, a presumptive diagnosis of vertebral osteomyelitis was made. Microbiological examination of vertebral body biopsies revealed Morganella morganii and Enterococcus faecalis infection in the iguana and Enterobacter cloacae infection in the tegu. Failure of antimicrobial treatment in both lizards was considered to be at least partly attributable to the tardy onset of clinical signs resulting in a late diagnosis and pronounced chronicity of the vertebral lesions. While vertebral osteomyelitis has been repeatedly reported in snakes, reports in saurian species are scarce and rather anecdotal. Based on the findings in these cases, however, vertebral osteomyelitis should be considered as an important differential diagnosis for hind limb ataxia in lizards.

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MANAGEMENT OF OSTEOMYELITIS CAUSED BYSALMONELLA ENTERICASUBSP.HOUTENAEIN A TAYLOR'S CANTIL (AGKISTRODON BILINEATUS TAYLORI) USING AMIKACIN DELIVERED VIA OSMOTIC PUMP

Cited by 21 publications

References 9 publications

Reptiles in Guadeloupe (French West Indies) are a reservoir of major human Salmonella enterica serovars

Reptiles in Guadeloupe (French West Indies) are a reservoir of major human Salmonella enterica serovars

Salmonella enterica serovars Panama and Arechavaleta: Risk Factors for Invasive Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Disease in Guadeloupe, French West Indies

Vertebral Osteomyelitis in a Black Spiny-Tailed Iguana (Ctenosaura similis) and a Red Tegu (Salvator rufescens)

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