Management of Patients with MYC-Altered Lymphomas

Abstract

Patients diagnosed with non-Burkitt high-grade B cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas demonstrating rearrangement in MYC, an oncogene promoting cellular proliferation, frequently do not achieve long-term disease-free survival due to a suboptimal response to standard front-line and salvage therapies. Double-hit lymphomas, harboring rearrangements in MYC as well as BCL2 and/or BCL6, appear to carry a particularly poor prognosis, although patients with this disease appear to achieve better survival outcomes when treated with intensified chemotherapy. Increased expression of MYC protein by immunohistochemistry as well as increased copy number or amplification of MYC may also be adverse pathologic features of non-Burkitt high-grade B cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas, although the benefit of treating these patients with intensified as opposed to standard dose chemotherapy remains unclear. Recognition and proper management of patients with MYC-altered lymphomas is crucial to improving patient outcomes.

High expressions of BCL6 and Lewis y antigen are correlated with high tumor burden and poor prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer

“…4 Initially, researchers found BCL6 mainly abundantly expressed in B cell and CD4 + T cell in germinal centers of normal lymphoid tissues, 22 and the association of BCL6 with lymphoma has been widely investigated and well established, 3,5,22 especially in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, 23 the pathogenesis mechanisms attribute to rearrangements or somatic mutations of BCL6, and so on. 4,24,25 BCL6 inhibits p53 expression in germinal center of B lymphocyte 26 and interacts with pro-oncogene c-myc to accelerate the carcinogenesis of lymphoma. 27 Based on these findings, BCL6 inhibitors (compound 79-6 28 or retroinverso BCL6 peptide inhibitor (RI-BPI) 29 ) have been developed and showed delightful potential application prospect as a therapeutic strategy for patients with hematological malignancies.…”

Evaluate the Prognosis of MYC/TP53 Comutation in Chinese Patients with EGFR-Positive Advanced NSCLC Using Next-Generation Sequencing: A Retrospective Study

“…The MYC gene is widely studied in lymphoma, prostate cancer, colorectal cancer and small cell lung cancer, 39 – 42 and several studies have shown that overexpression of MYC is associated with drug resistance. 43 , 44 Brägelmann et al 17 pointed out that as a carcinogenic driving factor, MYC may constitute a new therapeutic target in small cell lung cancer, and its core role in tumor maintenance provides a new opportunity for targeted therapy.…”

Contribution of immunophenotype to the investigation and differential diagnosis of Burkitt lymphoma, double‐hit high‐grade B‐cell lymphoma, and single‐hit MYC‐rearranged diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma

“…The asterisk denotes statistical significance in a pairwise comparison (p < .05) [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com] that is, IG-MYC occur in BL, single-hit, and double-hit lymphomas (Aukema et al, 2014). Single-hit and double-hit lymphomas with IG-MYC or another translocation partner of MYC (non-IG-MYC) have a poorer prognosis than standard DLBCL, which may be improved with intensive chemotherapy (de Jonge et al, 2016;Landsburg, 2016;Landsburg et al, 2016). Recognition of MYC-rearranged lymphomas is, therefore, crucial to proper management and improvement of clinical outcomes.…”