Management of Pediatric Malaria: Role of Nutritional Interventions

Osei, Akoto; Hamer, Davidson H.

doi:10.1159/000113307

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 226 publications

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“…There are a limited number of clinical trials that have evaluated the potential effects of micronutrient supplements on children living in malaria-endemic areas which lead to different outcomes either protective, adverse, or no effects [ 31 , 41 ]. In this study, CSB and LNS interventions have not decreased the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria compared to the control group which did not support the study hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary intervention on the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria among 6–18-month-old children in rural Malawi

Sady,

Chaima,

Hallamaa

et al. 2023

Malar J

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Background The complex interaction between malaria and undernutrition leads to increased mortality and morbidity rate among young children in malaria-endemic regions. Results from previous interventions suggest that improving nutritional status of young children may reduce the burden of malaria. This study tested a hypothesis that provision of lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS) or corn-soy blend (CSB) supplementation to 6–18-month-old children in Malawi would reduce the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria among them. Methods A total of 840 6-month-old children were enrolled in a randomized trial. The participants received 12-month supplementation with three different daily dietary supplementations: CSB, soy-LNS, or milk-LNS, and one control group without supplementation. The prevalence rate of asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum was determined by real-time PCR from the participant’s dried blood spots (DBS) collected at the baseline and every 3 months. The global null hypothesis was tested using modified Poisson regression to estimate the prevalence ratio (PR) between the control group and three intervention groups at all ages combined. All the models were adjusted for malaria at baseline, season of DBS sample collection, site of enrolment, and household asset Z-score. Results All children combined, the prevalence of P. falciparum was 14.1% at enrollment, 8.7% at 9 months, 11.2% at 12 months, 13.0% at 15 months and 22.4% at 18 months of age. Among all samples that were taken after enrolment, the prevalence was 12.1% in control group, 12.2% in milk-LNS, 14.0% in soy-LNS, and 17.2% in CSB group. Compared to children in the control group the prevalence ratio of positive malaria tests was 1.19 (95% CI 0.81–1.74; P = 0.372) in the milk-LNS group, 1.32 (95% CI 0.88–1.96; P = 0.177) in the soy-LNS group and 1.72 (95% CI 1.19–2.49; P = 0.004) in the CSB group. Conclusion The study findings do not support a hypothesis that LNS or CSB supplementation would reduce the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria among Malawian children. In contrast, there was a signal of a possible increase in malaria prevalence among children supplemented with CSB.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary intervention on the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria among 6–18-month-old children in rural Malawi

Sady,

Chaima,

Hallamaa

et al. 2023

Malar J

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“…Weight-for-age is used to assess underweight as an indicator of under nutrition because of its availability and its ability to capture both stunting (generally associated with long term under nutrition) and its wasting (manifestation of recent and acute under nutrition) [25]. There is substantial evidence that malaria contribute to impaired weight and height gain in children but the impact of under nutrition on malaria is complex [19]. The prevalence of underweight in the community (7.0%) and hospital (6.9%) among malaria uninfected sampled population was low, and the infected boys had the highest prevalence.…”

Section: Communities Hospitalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria and Nutritional Status of Children in Anambra State, Nigeria

Okeke

Ononye

Imakwu

et al. 2020

AJRiZ

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Malaria is a major cause of morbidity especially in children less than five years of age. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between malaria infection and nutritional status of some purposely selected children aged 0–36 months from hospitals in Anambra State, Nigeria. Data were collected on nutritional status using anthropometric data – age, height, weight and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC). Malaria infection status was obtained through microscopic examination of thick films blood smears. The prevalence of malnutrition (weight-for-height Z - scores) among malaria uninfected in the community and hospital surveys was 26.7% and 9.2% respectively, while the prevalence among the malaria parasite infected children was 21.4% and 7.4% in the community and hospital respectively. The average number of malnourished children with Z-scores <-2SD were slightly higher than WHO standard. More malaria infected boys had Z-scores <-2SD compared to the WHO standard. Prevalence of malnutrition based on MUAC among malaria parasite infected children was very high (100% and 98.1% in community and hospital, respectively). The average number of stunted (height-for-age Z-score) children in both community and hospital survey was very high compare to WHO standard. It may be concluded that there is a high rate of malnutrition based on MUAC among malaria infected children in Anambra State.

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“…High level of poverty which has a define effect on nutritional status has been linked to the endemicity of malaria in the Sub-Saharan Africa [7]. Several studies have shown associations between malaria and protein energy malnutrition, poor growth and certain micronutrient deficiencies among children [8]. Malnutrition has a negative effect on the body's defence mechanism; the lack of certain essential nutrients which help the body to boost its immune system can make it susceptible to malaria infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intervention On Nutrition Education in The Management of School Aged Children (2-10 Years) Affected by Malaria in Bamenda

Andre Gilles,

Melvis Nayah,

Richad Aba

2024

JFN

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The objective of this study was therefore to manage the nutritional status of school aged children affected by malaria in Bamenda. This was conducted using a population of 397 for children whose parents consented. The data collected was analysed using SPSS version 23 and findings revealed that majority (52.4%) were females, 26.4% aged between 8-9years, 40.8% had occupations not specified, 64% were Christians, 70.8% were of the grass field, 65.2% earned less than 50.000frs per month and 49.9% had attained secondary education. And the BMI (Body Mass Index) classification, majority (19.1%) and (11.5%) for girls and boys respectively, were classified as moderately malnourished. Then, clinical data revealed that majority (81.1%) had pallor nails, 58.9% had scaly skin, 50.6% had week extremities, 40.8% had pale eyes, 40.1% had pale and dry eyes, 51.4% had temperature >37.5 while a few (24.7%) had brittle hair and mouth sore (29.7%). Majority (70.5%) consumed cereals, 12.6% ate legumes, 5.5% ate meat/fish/eggs, 4.5% ate milk/dairy, 3.8% ate vegetables and 3% ate fruits. Majority (60.7%) did not sleep under mosquito net, 58.4% accepted there is stagnant water and bushes around their house, 65.7% had monthly incomes <50.000frs, 59.2% did not eat green leafy vegetables, bananas, apples, meat, beans, chicken, 75.8% did not eat okro, meat, poultry, guavas, mushroom, pumkin seeds, pork, beans, yoghurt. For nutritional interventions, 87.9% accepted nutrition education, 92.4% accepted advice be given to pupils to consume food containing vitamin A, iron, zinc and 90.2% accepted gardening be encouraged. The study concluded shown that nutritional interventions made has improve the nutritional status of school aged children affected by malaria in Bamenda.

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Management of Pediatric Malaria: Role of Nutritional Interventions

Cited by 6 publications

References 226 publications

Effect of dietary intervention on the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria among 6–18-month-old children in rural Malawi

Effect of dietary intervention on the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria among 6–18-month-old children in rural Malawi

Malaria and Nutritional Status of Children in Anambra State, Nigeria

Intervention On Nutrition Education in The Management of School Aged Children (2-10 Years) Affected by Malaria in Bamenda

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