Management of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a pediatric patient with a rare adrenocortical tumor after computed tomography-guided biopsy

Abstract

The posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in pediatric patients is rare but a treatable reversible condition. In the pediatric age group, most cases had been reported among patients with leukemia undergoing chemotherapy and rarely in patients with solid tumors. We report a 2-year-old male child with a large retroperitoneal mass arising from the right adrenal gland. The patient had a significant rise in blood pressure followed by seizures and altered sensorium after a computed tomography-guided biopsy from the tumour mass. The patient was managed meticulously considering it as a case of PRES by a multidisciplinary team of the intensive care unit. Later, the adrenal mass was evaluated and confirmed to be a pediatric adrenocortical tumor on biopsy report which is also a rare occurrence in the pediatrics age group.