Management of Restless Legs Syndrome in Pregnancy and Lactation

Kondori, Marjan Jahani; Kolla, Bhanu Prakash; Moore, Katherine M.; Mansukhani, Meghna P.

doi:10.1177/2150132720905950

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(144 reference statements)

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“…There are several hypotheses trying to establish an association between RLS and gestation. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms of this disorder in pregnancy are misunderstood and further investigations are required 1,12,13 . Hormonal changes, the metabolism of iron, ferritin and folate, vitamin D deficiency, genetic factors and variations in zinc and magnesium levels have been hypothesized 1,6,10,14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible etiologies of restless legs syndrome in pregnancy: a narrative review

Mendes¹,

Silva²

2022

Sleep Sci

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Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a sensorimotor disorder characterized by an urgent need to move the legs, due to the presence of a discomfort sensation in the lower limbs, especially at rest. Generally, it relieves with movement. There are several studies that argue the existence of an association between this syndrome and pregnancy. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms of this disorder in pregnancy are misunderstood. The objective of this narrative review is to identify and discuss some possible etiologies of RLS in pregnancy. A literature search was performed in the PubMed and ResearchGate databases by using the following search strategies: "restless legs syndrome", "restless legs syndrome in pregnancy", "pregnancy and vitamin D deficiency" and "pregnancy and zinc". The publications were initially sorted through their title. After the initial process, inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. The included articles were sorted by authors, year, journal of publication, type of study, and organized by chronological order of publication. Among the main findings, hormonal changes, iron metabolism, vitamin D deficiency, genetic factors, zinc and magnesium fluctuations have been some of the hypotheses supporting the development or worsening of this disorder in pregnancy. Dopamine also appears to be correlated with hormonal changes, iron metabolism, ferritin, folic acid and vitamin D deficiency. In conclusion, there are several hypotheses trying to link restless legs syndrome with pregnancy. The most covered were hormonal fluctuations and iron metabolism. However, this thematic is still highly discussed, creating the need for additional and thorough research.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible etiologies of restless legs syndrome in pregnancy: a narrative review

Mendes¹,

Silva²

2022

Sleep Sci

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“…There was no statistically significant connection between RLS and the number of previous pregnancies in pregnant women observed [28]. RLS is a very common reason for insomnia in pregnancy [31]. Additionally, in comparison to the women without RLS, those affected by this disorder are more likely to have poor sleep quality, poor daytime function and excessive daytime sleepiness [32].…”

Section: Restless Leg Syndromementioning

confidence: 90%

“…Authors listed 5 treatment options that were found to be beneficial: moderate-intensity exercise, yoga, massage, sequential compression devices, avoidance of aggravating causes of RLS and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. In iron deficiency, its supplementation should be also considered [31].…”

Section: Restless Leg Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep disorders during pregnancy - its prevalence, characteristic and neonatal implications

Tomaszuk,

Wąsik,

Wojtuś

2024

J Educ Health Sport

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Introduction and purpose: Each phase of a woman's life, from childhood to menopause, may be associated with a variety of sleep disturbances. The pregnancy is particularly predisposed to develop sleep disorders such as insomnia, restless legs syndrome and sleep-disordered breathing, which require special management. This article reviews the most common sleep disturbances in pregnancy and discusses epidemiology, pathophysiology, maternal and fetal possible implications and therapeutic options in the pregnant population. Material and methods of research: The search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholarship databases available to January 2024. Results: Although the exact cause of previously mentioned diseases remains uncertain, the impact of hormonal changes, the body mass before pregnancy and weight gaining during gestation on their development is highlighted by researchers. Poor sleep in pregnancy may have negative outcomes for women as well as fetuses and influence the pregnancy course. These sleeping disorders may also contribute to development of other systemic diseases. The management of sleep disturbance in pregnant patients is challenging due to the risk of teratogenicity, pharmacokinetic changes and the dynamic nature of pregnancy, thus nonpharmacologic interventions should be preferred as safer than medications. Conclusions: Sleep disturbances result in poorer quality of pregnant women’s life and have negative impact on the condition of pregnancy. Thus, this theme should create the need for additional research on the possibilities of prevention and treatment strategies of sleep disorders in pregnant women.

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“…임신이 진행됨에 따라 임부는 생리적 변화와 임신에 대한 양가감정, 전반적인 건강상태의 변화만이 아니라 분만 시 겪게 될 불안과 두려움에 의한 심리적 변화 등을 겪는다 [2]. 이러한 변화는 임신기간 동안 임부에게 스트레스로 작용하여 피로를 증가시키고, 부적절한 수면 또는 수면장애 증상을 초래하고, 하지불안증후군(Restless Legs Syndrome; 이후부터 RLS)의 증상이 나타나거나 심해진다 [3] [4].…”

Section: 서론unclassified

“…RLS는 수면을 방해하는 감각운동 신경장애 [3]로, 개인이 주관적으로 느끼는 다리나 팔의 불편감이다 [4]. RLS의 진단 기준은 1960년대에 Ekbom이 발표한 광범위한 진단 기준에서 지속적으로 발전해 왔다 [5].…”

Section: 서론unclassified

Effects of the Restless Legs Syndrome and Fatigue on Quality of Sleep in Perinatal Women

Jeong¹,

Park²

2023

APJCRI

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The purpose of this study was to examine of the restless legs syndrome (RLS), fatigue and quality of sleep on perinatal women and to identify factors influencing quality of sleep. The participants of this research were 150 perinatal women visiting two women's clinics in G City between August 18 and October 30, 2021. For data collection, questionnaire survey was conducted to measure the levels of RLS, fatigue, sleep quality, and general characteristics. The collected data was analyzed descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analysis in SPSS 27 Win. The subjects were 32.9 years old on average, and 55.4% of the participants (83 women) experienced a moderate or a very severe level of RLS. The quality of sleep was positively correlated with fatigue (r= .60, p<.001). The results of regression analysis showed that significant variables influencing the quality of sleep were 3rd trimester of pregnancy (B=1.86, p=.042) postpartum period (B=2.48, p=.042), moderate RLS (B=2.02, p=.049), severe RLS (B=2.89, p=.021), very severe RLS (B=5.82, p=.006) and was fatigue (B=0.39, p=.006). The explanation power of this regression model was 39.5%. In view of these results, it is necessary to develop nursing interventions that provide information and care for relieving symptoms of restless leg syndrome in perinatal women.

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Management of Restless Legs Syndrome in Pregnancy and Lactation

Cited by 12 publications

References 71 publications

Possible etiologies of restless legs syndrome in pregnancy: a narrative review

Possible etiologies of restless legs syndrome in pregnancy: a narrative review

Sleep disorders during pregnancy - its prevalence, characteristic and neonatal implications

Effects of the Restless Legs Syndrome and Fatigue on Quality of Sleep in Perinatal Women

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