Management of root rot diseases of eight wheat varieties using resistance and biological control agents techniques

Ishtiaq, Muhammad; Hussain, Tanveer; Bhatti, Khizar Hayat; Adesemoye, Tony; Maqbool, Mehwish; Azam, Shehzad; Ghani, Abdul

doi:10.30848/pjb2019-1(16)

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…caused diseases of seed rot and dampingoff. Ishtiaq et al (2019) indicated that R. solani fungus is a soil-borne fungus and causes a reduction in yield and causes a soft and dry weight reduction for the roots of wheat. The effect of pathogens on the seedlings may be due to its ability to produce a group of enzymes that cause the fall of these seedlings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identity and prevalence of wheat damping-off fungal pathogens in different fields of Basrah and Maysan provinces

2021

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Background Wheat is the most consumed cereal crops in the world infected by several pathogens and pests causing significant losses. The most threatening pathogens are fungi which cause serious diseases on roots, leaves and heads as one of the most threatening pathogens in specific wheat-growing countries. This study aimed to identify and evaluate the prevalence of damping-off fungal pathogens in different wheat fields at Basra and Maysan provinces. Results Disease incidence determination and fungal isolation were carried out from two sites at Basra province (Al-Qurna and Al-Madinah) and three sites at Maysan province (Al-Amarah, Kumit, Ali Al Sharqi and Ali Al Gharbi). Al-Qurna fields had the highest disease incidence (32%), while Ali-Alsharqi fields had the lowest one (11%). Fourteen fungal genera were identified. Rhizoctonia solani had the highest appearance (21.6) and frequency (20.20%) percentages followed by Fusarium solani (16.11,14.01) percentages and Macrophomina phaseolina (12.2,11.1) percentages. Seed treatment with R. solani (Rs1 isolate) showed significant decrease in germination (56.6%) compared to F. solani and M. phaseolina treatments. Seed treatment with R. solani (Rs1 isolate) showed significant decrease in germination (56.6%) compared to F. solani and M. phaseolina treatments. Conclusions These results revealed the prevalence of wheat damping-off disease in all examined fields at both Basra and Maysan province; the highest disease incidence was seen in Basra wheat fields (Al-Qurna fields); the identification of fungal pathogens showed that the most isolated fungus was R. solani followed by F. solani and M. phaseolina. Laboratory experiments showed the pathogenicity of isolated fungi which varied according to the isolate type.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identity and prevalence of wheat damping-off fungal pathogens in different fields of Basrah and Maysan provinces

2021

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“…A large number of plant diseases have been successfully controlled through fungal and bacterial antagonists (El-Ballat, 2017;Ishtiaq et al, 2019). El-Sayed-Sahar and Abdel-Monaim (2017) reported that biological control agents significantly reduced the disease severity of root rot diseases caused by Rhizoctonia and Fusarium.…”

Section: Separately Effect Of the Tested Fungicides And Bioagents On mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They found that B. subtilis was the most effective bioagents followed by T. harzianum. The biological control agents secreted enzymes and secondary metabolites in wheat plants and induced systemic disease resistance against R. solani and F. graminearum (Ishtiaq et al, 2019). Table (3) reveal that T. harzianum moderately controlled the pathogens and then increased the percent of plant survivals which recorded 48.33 % for both pathogenic fungi when 4.5 × 10 6 spores mL -1 of T. harzianum were used.…”

Section: Separately Effect Of the Tested Fungicides And Bioagents On mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Compatibility of biological control agents with fungicides against root rot diseases of wheat

Sameer

2019

Al-Azhar Journal of Agricultural Research

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Root-rot diseases are considered the most serious diseases of wheat in Egypt, causing a considerable loss seed germination, plant stand and grain yield. The present study aims to evaluate the fungicidal activity of four chemical fungicides and two biological control agents. Four fungicides (i.e. triticonazole, carbendazim, carboxin + thiram and metalaxyl M + fludioxonil) and two biological control agents (i.e. Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis) were evaluated separately and their compatibility against two pathogenic fungi, Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium graminearum that causing root rot diseases of wheat. The in vitro studies showed that the fungicidal activity of the tested fungicides against R. solani mycelial growth was descendingly arranged as follows; metalaxyl M + fludioxonil > carbendazim > triticonazole > carboxin + thiram, while it was metalaxyl M + fludioxonil > triticonazole > carbendazim > carboxin + thiram against F. graminearum mycelial growth. In greenhouse trials, the fungicides were applied at 1.5 and 3.0 g kg-1 seeds as seed treatment, while biological control agents were applied at 4.5 and 9.0 x 10 6 spores mL-1 water as soil treatment. The results showed that all the treatments significantly reduced disease incidence and increased emergence and plant stands and the biological control agents were the inferior treatments. Generally, the most effective treatments for controlling root rot diseases were metalaxyl M + fludioxonil followed by carbendazim, triticonazole, while the lowest were carboxin + thiram, B. subtilis and T. harzianum as compared with the control treatment. Moreover, the results concluded that the efficiency of T. harzianum and B. subtilis in controlling R. solani and F. graminearum was obviously enhanced by their compatibility with low rates of the tested fungicides. In conclusion, the biological strategy which used throughout integrated pest management could be improved by using fungicides at low rates.

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“…Wheat is prone to infection with many pathogens causing seed rot and damping-off diseases at different stages of plant growth ( Ishtiaq et al, 2019 ). Under field conditions, Chekali et al (2013) revealed that bread wheat and durum wheat cultivars seem to be susceptible to FRR but that some bread wheat cultivars had partial resistance.…”

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Evaluation of Durum Wheat Genotypes for Resistance against Root Rot Disease Caused by Moroccan Fusarium culmorum Isolates

et al. 2022

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Fusarium culmorum is one of the most important causal agents of root rot of wheat. In this study, 10 F. culmorum isolates were collected from farms located in five agro-ecological regions of Morocco. These were used to challenge 20 durum wheat genotypes via artificial inoculation of plant roots under controlled conditions. The isolate virulence was determined by three traits (roots browning index, stem browning index, and severity of root rot). An alpha-lattice design with three replicates was used, and the resulting ANOVA revealed a significant (P < 0.01) effect of isolate (I), genotype (G), and G × I interaction. A total of four response types were observed (R, MR, MS, and S) revealing that different genes in both the pathogen and the host were activated in 53% of interactions. Most genotypes were susceptible to eight or more isolates, while the Moroccan cultivar Marouan was reported resistant to three isolates and moderately resistant to three others. Similarly, the Australian breeding line SSD1479-117 was reported resistant to two isolates and moderately resistant to four others. The ICARDA elites Icaverve, Berghisyr, Berghisyr2, Amina, and Icaverve2 were identified as moderately resistant. Principal component analysis based on the genotypes responses defined two major clusters and two sub-clusters for the 10 F. culmorum isolates. Isolate Fc9 collected in Khemis Zemamra was the most virulent while isolate Fc3 collected in Haj-Kaddour was the least virulent. This work provides initial results for the discovery of differential reactions between the durum lines and isolates and the identification of novel sources of resistance.

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Management of root rot diseases of eight wheat varieties using resistance and biological control agents techniques

Cited by 4 publications

References 43 publications

Identity and prevalence of wheat damping-off fungal pathogens in different fields of Basrah and Maysan provinces

Identity and prevalence of wheat damping-off fungal pathogens in different fields of Basrah and Maysan provinces

Compatibility of biological control agents with fungicides against root rot diseases of wheat

Evaluation of Durum Wheat Genotypes for Resistance against Root Rot Disease Caused by Moroccan Fusarium culmorum Isolates

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