Management of the dry cow in control of peripartum disease and mastitis

Dingwell, R.T.; Kelton, D.F.; Leslie, K.E.

doi:10.1016/s0749-0720(02)00072-5

Cited by 75 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…Some previously reported risk factors for new IMI during the dry period were not found here, like the method of drying-off, parity, milk leakage during the dry period and dry cow housing condition (for a review, see Eberhart, 1986;Dingwell et al, 2003;Bradley and Green, 2004). In our study, modalities of these factors were either quite homogeneous between cows or evaluated differently according to farmers and then they were hardly comparable between herds (e.g.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Risk factors for new intramammary infections during the dry period in untreated dairy cows from herds using selective dry cow therapy

Robert¹,

Roussel²,

Bareille³

et al. 2008

Animal

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This study aimed at investigating risk factors for new intramammary infections (IMI) during the dry period in untreated cows from herds using selective dry cow antibiotic therapy (DCT). A total of 980 uninfected quarters in 347 untreated cows from 28 herds using selective DCT were included in a prospective survey. A herd-level questionnaire and an individual cow-level recording sheet were implemented to collect data on putative risk factors. Quarter milk samples were taken at drying-off and on day 3 after calving to assess the occurrence of new IMI during the dry period. A multivariate model including a herd effect as random and a cow effect as repeated was run at the quarter level. Interactions between risk factors and the cow infection status at drying-off (cow infected in at least one quarter v. uninfected) were checked. Three risk factors were found significantly associated with the risk for new IMI without interaction (P , 0.05): cows infected in at least one quarter at drying-off (v. uninfected cows) (relative risks (RR) 5 1.58); long preceding lactation (.355 days v. shorter length) (RR 5 1.62); long dry period (.65 days v. shorter length) (RR 5 1.46). One risk factor acted only in interaction with the cow infection status at drying-off: in cows uninfected at drying-off, the risk for new IMI was significantly higher in cows with short teats (RR 5 1.21) when compared with cows with long or normal teats, while the reverse relationship was observed in cows infected at dryingoff. Risk factors can be translated in recommendations, for instance to have dry periods not longer than 2 months. Moreover, as suggested by our results, the efficacy of selective DCT towards the prevention of new IMI would be improved if all infected cows were detected and treated. Criteria to accurately identify these infected cows should be therefore further investigated.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Risk factors for new intramammary infections during the dry period in untreated dairy cows from herds using selective dry cow therapy

Robert¹,

Roussel²,

Bareille³

et al. 2008

Animal

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“…Many managerial risk factors of new IMI were evidenced in previous studies: method of drying-off, housing condition, teat dipping at drying-off, vitamin and mineral supplement, … (for review, see [17,18,21,89]). However, when thinking to omission or substitutes to DCT, the fact that the technique of intramammary administration is suspected to be a risky procedure should be taken into account.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blanket DCT is today widely implemented, with an adoption rate ranging from 75 to 99% depending 26 A. Robert et al on the country [17], except in the Nordic European countries 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blanket DCT has been challenged for a long time by some researchers, holding that only infected cows must be treated [17,21,25,38,72] or due to its high cost [87]. More recently, blanket DCT has again become more challenged in several countries for multiple reasons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, the magnitude of the preventive effect depends widely on the risk of new IMI. Currently, in many herds, this risk has been widely reduced by better management and hygiene during the dry period [5,17,33,71,72] and consequently, one may only expect a small resulting preventive effect, even with a very effective DCT. Relevant knowledge on the risk of new IMI and on its preventable fraction by DCT (or application of a teat sealer) is thus critical for decision making.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidence of intramammary infections during the dry period without or with antibiotic treatment in dairy cows – a quantitative analysis of published data

2006

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-The study was aimed at summarising the literature that compares the incidence levels of spontaneously occurring intramammary infections (IMI) during the dry period, without versus with antibiotic dry cow treatment (DCT). A meta-analytic relative risk (RR) calculation was implemented when a priori relevant. Two main categories of comparison were used in the 36 selected papers. In the first category, the udder quarters were randomly allocated (at quarter or cow level) to an untreated or a treated group. Quarter incidence averaged 12.8% (weighted mean) in untreated quarters, and depending on the DCT used, from 6.6 to 8.0% in treated quarters. The meta-analytic RR of new IMI for untreated versus treated quarters varied from 1.54 to 1.94, depending on the DCT used. DCT was mainly found effective against IMI due to streptococci and coagulase-positive staphylococci. Based on only a few papers, the application of an internal teat sealer was associated to a quite similar (or possibly better) protection against IMI than DCT, but only in a subpopulation of particular (selected) cows. In the second category of studies, a selective dry cow or quarter antibiotic-treatment (selective DCT or DQT), according to cow or quarter selection criteria, was compared to blanket DCT. The meta-analytic RR of new IMI was 1.71 for selective DCT versus blanket DCT. Selective DQT seemed to be more at risk than selective DCT, but consisted of treating a much lower proportion of quarters. The summary-results provided by our meta-analysis should only be used with caution, due to possibly low external validity. More research seems to be relevant on the risk factors of new IMI during the dry period to make the outcomes of omission of DCT in selected cows more predictable under field conditions. dairy cow / mastitis / risk / dry-cow treatment / meta-analysis

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Mastitis: Comparative Etiology and Epidemiology

Contreras

Rodríguez

2011

J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia

194

146

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Mastitis is broadly defined as the inflammation of the mammary gland; however, the concept of mastitis is customized to address its social and clinical impact in the case of humans and the health, welfare, and economic consequences for other mammals. There are many microbial, host, and environmental factors that influence the development of mastitis. Some are common to all mammals as well as inherent to each species. Together these factors influence the most prevalent etiological agents for each species and might determine the possibility of interspecies transmission with its consequences to public health. The present review will summarize and compare reports on mastitis etiology and its epidemiology in humans and food animal species.

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Management of the dry cow in control of peripartum disease and mastitis

Cited by 75 publications

References 129 publications

Risk factors for new intramammary infections during the dry period in untreated dairy cows from herds using selective dry cow therapy

Risk factors for new intramammary infections during the dry period in untreated dairy cows from herds using selective dry cow therapy

Incidence of intramammary infections during the dry period without or with antibiotic treatment in dairy cows – a quantitative analysis of published data

Mastitis: Comparative Etiology and Epidemiology

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