Management of the early symptoms of influenza-like illnesses and ear, nose and throat (ENT) disorders by pharmacists

Danno, Karine; Cognet-Dementhon, Brigitte; Thevenard, Geneviève; Duru, Gérard; Allaert, François-André; Bordet, Marie-France

doi:10.1016/j.homp.2014.04.001

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Interestingly, we found that the consumption of antipyretic drugs before consultation seemed to reduce the risk of developing GI symptoms among laboratory-confirmed influenza patients. This result is in line with previous studies that showed that paracetamol dramatically decreases the morbidity associated with influenza, thereby reducing the clinical symptoms associated with influenza virus infection [31,32]. Therefore, the consumption of antipyretic drugs before consultation may lead to the underestimation of the frequency of GI symptoms in patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Clinical and virological factors associated with gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with acute respiratory infection: a two-year prospective study in general practice medicine

et al. 2017

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BackgroundGastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, such as diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain and nausea are not an uncommon manifestation of an acute respiratory infection (ARI).We therefore evaluated clinical and microbiological factors associated with the presence of GI symptoms in patients consulting a general practitioner (GP) for ARI.MethodsNasopharyngeal swabs, stool specimens and clinical data from patients presenting to GPs with an ARI were prospectively collected during two winter seasons (2014-2016). Samples were tested by quantitative real-time PCR for 12 respiratory pathogen groups and for 12 enteric pathogens.ResultsTwo hundred and four of 331 included patients (61.6%) were positive for at least one respiratory pathogen. Sixty-nine stools (20.8%) were positive for at least one pathogen (respiratory and/or enteric). GI symptoms were more likely declared in case of laboratory confirmed-enteric infection (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 3.2; 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.2–9.9]; p = 0.02) or human coronavirus (HCoV) infection (aOR = 2.7; [1.2–6.8]; p = 0.02). Consumption of antipyretic medication before the consultation seemed to reduce the risk of developing GI symptoms for patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza (aOR = 0.3; [0.1–0.6]; p = 0.002).ConclusionsThe presence of GI symptoms in ARI patients could not be explained by the detection of respiratory pathogens in stools. However, the detection of enteric pathogens in stool samples could explained by the presence of GI symptoms in some of ARI cases. The biological mechanisms explaining the association between the presence of HCoVs in nasopharynx and GI symptoms need to be explored.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-017-2823-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Clinical and virological factors associated with gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with acute respiratory infection: a two-year prospective study in general practice medicine

et al. 2017

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“…Studies either focused on one therapeutic area such as cough [ 18 , 30 ], cold [ 23 ], skin conditions [ 29 ], gastrointestinal problems [ 22 , 24 , 27 , 32 ] or multiple minor ailment areas [ 1 , 17 , 20 , 21 , 26 , 28 , 33 , 34 ] ( Table 4 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of studies stated that pharmacists or members of pharmacy staff delivered the intervention [ 17 , 18 , 20 , 21 , 24 , 26 , 29 , 32 – 34 ]; although there was no clear distinction of their remit. One study used NHS Direct telephone staff to refer potential participants to out-of-hours pharmacy settings including referral to other settings such as the general practice [ 25 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodological considerations in clinical outcomes assessment of pharmacy-based minor ailments management: A systematic review

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe accessibility of services within community pharmacies provides an ideal opportunity to manage minor ailments, yet over £1.1 billion is spent by the National Health Service (NHS) in the United Kingdom (UK) in managing minor ailments in high cost settings. There is a need to review the evidence base around clinical effectiveness of pharmacy-based management of minor ailments since the absence of such may lead to under-utilisation of pharmacy services and non-implementation of available pharmacy service models. This study aimed to systematically review the methodological approaches used to assess clinical outcomes of pharmacy-based management of minor ailments in the research literature.MethodsA systematic review was conducted to identify relevant literature using the following databases: Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, IPA, CRD, CDSR, and Google Scholar from publication year 2000 onwards. Studies were included if they evaluated clinical outcomes of pharmacy-based management of any minor ailments, with or without a comparator setting such as Emergency Departments (EDs) or general practices. Screening and selection of titles, abstracts and full texts followed by data extraction and quality assessment (QA) was conducted. Paired researchers, from the team, reviewed papers using a protocol based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P). QA was undertaken using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). Reporting was conducted in accordance with PRISMA checklist and statements.ResultsA total of 19 studies were included. The majority of studies were observational, conducted in community pharmacies, and did not use a comparator participant group nor a comparator setting. Interventions included counselling, medicines supply and provision of advice on the management of minor ailments. One study used the randomised controlled trial (RCT) design with majority of the study utilising observational design. A range of clinical outcomes including symptom severity, pattern, resolution, and quality of life were reported. Methods used for the assessment of clinical outcomes were, overall, poorly reported. This included a lack of information on the development and validation of the data collection tools and the timing of baseline and follow-up data collection. Adverse clinical outcomes data were collected by only seven studies.ConclusionsCurrently, there are methodological limitations in the studies that have sought to assess clinical outcomes of pharmacy-based management of minor ailments. Such lack of high quality evidence may contribute to failings to shift care from high cost settings, such as EDs and general practices. Generation of high quality evidence is likely to influence public choices when seeking care for minor ailments. There is scope for development of a core outcomes set specific to minor ailments management and development of a validated methodology for measuring such outcomes in a research study.

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“…These studies of sleep quality and the common cold have explored the association between runny nose or nasal congestion and insomnia. 7,8 Similarly, cough and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have been found to be related to insomnia. 9 However, individuals may experience insomnia as a symptom of common cold, rather than as a cause of a cold, even when coughing and rhinorrhea are not serious.…”

Section: Backg Rou N Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, existing research has studied insomnia due to symptoms such as rhinorrhea and cough. These studies of sleep quality and the common cold have explored the association between runny nose or nasal congestion and insomnia . Similarly, cough and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have been found to be related to insomnia .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short‐term insomnia and common cold: A cross‐sectional study

Gomi

2019

J of Gen and Family Med

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BackgroundThe role of insomnia as a symptom of cold has not been fully explored. This study aimed to identify the nature of mild short‐term insomnia (MSTI) as a symptom in common cold and examine the relationship between the diagnosis of common cold and MSTI.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted at a clinic in Nagano, Japan. In this study, 32 participants were recruited as common cold patients, and 30 people without common cold were selected as the comparison group who did not have any symptoms of fever, cough, septum, rhinorrhea, or sore throat in this period.ResultsAbout 75% of patients in the common cold group (CCG; 24 of 32) and 33% of total patients in the not common cold group (NCCG; 10 of 30) showed MSTI. The prevalence of MSTI was significantly more frequent in patients in CC (χ2 = 10.854, df = 1, P < .001). MSTI occurred on an average of 1.0 day (SD = 1.4) before the common cold onset and continued for a mean of 2 days (SD = 1.6). The frequency of fever was related to age, but MSTI appeared regardless of age.ConclusionMild short‐term insomnia is a common symptom in common cold.

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Management of the early symptoms of influenza-like illnesses and ear, nose and throat (ENT) disorders by pharmacists

Abstract: Seeking a pharmacist's advice for the management of ILI and ENT disorders has several public health benefits. The clinical improvement and high patient satisfaction observed validate the role of the pharmacist as a health professional of first resort.

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Clinical and virological factors associated with gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with acute respiratory infection: a two-year prospective study in general practice medicine

Clinical and virological factors associated with gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with acute respiratory infection: a two-year prospective study in general practice medicine

Methodological considerations in clinical outcomes assessment of pharmacy-based minor ailments management: A systematic review

Short‐term insomnia and common cold: A cross‐sectional study

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