Management of the mass casualty from the 2001 Jos crisis

Ozoilo, KN; Kidmas, AT; Nwadiaro, HC; Iya, D; Onche, II; Misauno, MA; Sule, A Z; Yiltok, SJ; Uba, AF; Ramyil, VM; Dakum, NK; Ugwu, B T

doi:10.4103/1119-3077.134032

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The Trauma Management Course originated in direct response to recurring cycles of violence in Plateau State, which resulted in numerous mass casualty situations [ 10 , 12 , 15 , 18 ]. As the crises evolved, more and more medical personnel without previous training in trauma care were participating in the care of these trauma patients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The History and Evolution of the West African College of Surgeons/Jos University Teaching Hospital Trauma Management Course

et al. 2023

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Background Inadequate trauma care training opportunities exist in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Jos University Teaching Hospital and the West African College of Surgeons (WACS) have synergized, over the past 15 years, to introduce a yearly, certified, multidisciplinary Trauma Management Course. We explore the history and evolution of this course. Methods A desk review of course secretariat documents, registration records, schedules, pre- and post-course test records, post-course surveys, and account books complemented by organizer interviews was carried out to elaborate the evolution of the Trauma Management Course. Results The course was started as a local Continuing Medical Education program in 2005 in response to recurring cycles of violence and numerous mass casualty situations. Collaborations with WACS followed, with inclusion of the course in the College’s yearly calendar from 2010. Multidisciplinary faculty teach participants the concepts of trauma care through didactic lectures, group sessions, and hands-on simulation within a one-week period. From inception, there has been a 100% growth in lecture content (from 15 to 30 lectures) and in multidisciplinary attendance (from 23 to 133 attendees). Trainees showed statistically significant knowledge gain yearly, with a mean difference ranging from 10.1 to 16.1% over the past 5 years. Future collaborations seek to expand the course and position it as a catalyst for regional emergency medical services and trauma registries. Conclusions Multidisciplinary trauma management training is important for expanding holistic trauma capacity within the West African sub-region. The course serves as an example for Low- and Middle-Income contexts. Similar contextualized programs should be considered to strengthen trauma workforce development.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The History and Evolution of the West African College of Surgeons/Jos University Teaching Hospital Trauma Management Course

et al. 2023

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“…[ 26 34 ] The reduced mortality may be traced to our hospital being a health service already accustomed to crisis situation over the years with experienced staff and with a level of preparedness that permitted free flow of supplies, guaranteed aggressive resuscitation, judicious broad spectrum antibiotics use, liberal peritoneal saline irrigation and acute care supportive services in the ICU. [ 14 15 ] Previous battle wounds analysis by Santy et al . demonstrated a mortality rate of 75% among seriously wounded patients treated after 10 h following injuries compared with 10% among those treated within an hour, therefore, giving credence to early and rapid medical care offered within the first h following injuries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 13 ] Plateau State in North-Central Nigeria, particularly Jos, the State Capital, has been engulfed by a protracted civil strife dating back to September 2001. [ 14 15 ] Within the 15 months under review, the city witnessed escalating outbursts of the lingering and unresolved crises that resulted into 3 major mass casualty events with sporadic attacks in-between. The aim of this prospective study was to determine the incidence, demographics, clinical features, spectrum, severity, management, and outcome of care of abdominal trauma from the Jos communal crises during the period under review.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abdominal injuries in communal crises: The Jos experience

Ojo

Ozoilo

Sule

et al. 2016

J Emerg Trauma Shock

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Background:Abdominal injuries contribute significantly to battlefield trauma morbidity and mortality. This study sought to determine the incidence, demographics, clinical features, spectrum, severity, management, and outcome of abdominal trauma during a civilian conflict.Materials and Methods:A prospective analysis of patients treated for abdominal trauma during the Jos civil crises between December 2010 and May 2012 at the Jos University Teaching Hospital.Results:A total of 109 victims of communal conflicts with abdominal injuries were managed during the study period with 89 (81.7%) males and 20 (18.3%) females representing about 12.2% of the total 897 combat related injuries. The peak age incidence was between 21 and 40 years (range: 3–71 years). The most frequently injured intra-abdominal organs were the small intestine 69 (63.3%), colon 48 (44%), and liver 41 (37.6%). Forty-four (40.4%) patients had extra-abdominal injuries involving the chest in 17 (15.6%), musculoskeletal 12 (11%), and the head in 9 (8.3%). The most prevalent weapon injuries were gunshot 76 (69.7%), explosives 12 (11%), stab injuries 11 (10.1%), and blunt abdominal trauma 10 (9.2%). The injury severity score varied from 8 to 52 (mean: 20.8) with a fatality rate of 11 (10.1%) and morbidity rate of 29 (26.6%). Presence of irreversible shock, 3 or more injured intra-abdominal organs, severe head injuries, and delayed presentation were the main factors associated with mortality.Conclusion:Abdominal trauma is major life-threatening injuries during conflicts. Substantial mortality occurred with loss of nearly one in every 10 hospitalized victims despite aggressive emergency room resuscitation. The resources expenditure, propensity for death and expediency of timing reinforce the need for early access to the wounded in a concerted trauma care systems.

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Mass Casualty Incident Management for Resource-Limited Settings: Lessons From Central Haiti

Rouhani

Rimpel²,

Plantin³

et al. 2021

Disaster med. public health prep.

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Objective: Mass casualty incidents (MCIs) have gained increasing attention in recent years due multiple high-profile events. MCI preparedness improves the outcomes of trauma victims, both in the hospital and prehospital settings. Yet most MCI protocols are designed for high-income countries, even though the burden of mass casualty incidents is greater in low-resource settings. Results: Hôpital Universitaire de Mirebalais (HUM), a 300-bed academic teaching hospital in central Haiti, developed MCI protocols in an iterative process after a large MCI in 2014. Frequent MCIs from road traffic collisions allowed protocol refinement over time. HUM’s protocols outline communication plans, triage, schematics for reorganization of the emergency department, clear delineation of human resources, patient identification systems, supply chain solutions, and security measures for MCIs. Given limited resources, protocol components are all low-cost or cost-neutral. Unique adaptations include the use of 1) social messaging for communication, 2) mass casualty carts for rapid deployment of supplies, and 3) stickers for patient identification, templated orders, and communication between providers. Conclusion: These low-cost solutions facilitate a systematic response to MCIs in a resource-limited environment and help providers focus on patient care. These interventions were well received by staff and are a potential model for other hospitals in similar settings.

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Management of the mass casualty from the 2001 Jos crisis

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

The History and Evolution of the West African College of Surgeons/Jos University Teaching Hospital Trauma Management Course

The History and Evolution of the West African College of Surgeons/Jos University Teaching Hospital Trauma Management Course

Abdominal injuries in communal crises: The Jos experience

Mass Casualty Incident Management for Resource-Limited Settings: Lessons From Central Haiti

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